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題名：自殺者遺族悲傷調適之任務--危機模式初步建構
書刊名：中華輔導學報
作者：呂欣芹／方俊凱／林綺雲 引用關係
作者(外文)：Lu, Hsin-Chin／Fang, Chun-Kai／Lin, Chi-Yun
出版日期：2007
卷期：22
頁次：頁185-221
主題關鍵詞：自殺者遺族；悲傷反應；悲傷任務；悲傷調適；Grief adjustment；Grief reaction；Grief task；Survivors of suicide；SoS
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 點閱點閱:60
本研究旨在建構自殺者遺族悲傷調適之模式，採用質性研究，以立意取樣11位自殺者遺族為研究對象，半結構訪談的方法收集資料。分析的方法參考Colaizzi (1978)的七個步驟，並使用ATLAS.ti 5.0套裝軟體進行資料分析，研究已通過人體試驗委員會(IRB)的審查。結果發現自殺者遺族生理、感覺、認知與行為方面的悲傷反應，可以發現整體悲傷反應的特徵，包含：震驚、困惑、憤怒與罪惡感、懷抱悲傷、無意義、緘默。上述特徵可能進一步形成壓抑、尋找、怪罪、憂鬱、絕望、孤獨的危機。由遺族採取的身體、心理、靈性與社會的悲傷調適，可以發現調適的目標以建構悲傷任務，包含：表達悲傷、放下困惑、同理逝者、告別逝者、創造意義、祝福逝者。本研究嘗試以任務論初步建構的自殺者遺族悲傷調適之模式，包含以下六個由「任務－危機」組成的主題：表達－壓抑、放手－尋找、同理－怪罪、告別－憂鬱、超越－絕望、祝福－孤獨。此模式可以幫助自殺者遺族與實務工作者瞭解尚有可努力的事，而且悲傷可以到達一個讓人滿意的狀態，能幫助找到著力點。
The study aimed to explore grief reactions and adjustments of survivors of suicide (SoS), and to construct a model on grief adjustment. Using semi-constructed and in-depth interviews of eleven SoS, data was analyzed with Colaizzi's (1978) seven steps and ATLAS.ti 5.0 software. Combining SoS' physical sensational, feeling, cognitive, and behavioral grief reactions, characteristics of whole grief reaction were discovered. It included shock, confusion, anger & guilt, long-term feelings of sadness, meaninglessness, and silence. These characteristics might induce crises, including answer searching, blaming of others, depression, hopelessness, and loneliness. As to means of physical, mental, spiritual, and social grief adjustment taken from SoS, the following strategies could be used: expressing the grief, letting go of unanswered questions, empathizing the victims, bidding farewell, creating meaning, and to say a blessing for the victim. This study formed the preliminary construction of the model of grief adjustment among SoS with the following six ”task-crisis” themes: expression-repression, letting go-searching, empathy-blame, farewell-depression, look beyond-hopelessness, blessing-loneliness. In sum, the process of grief adjustment is long and time-consuming, and the ”task-crisis” model enables SoS and caregivers to realize possible endeavors and reach an acceptable state of grief. With regard to the SoS who are in despair in terms of grief adjustment and most of those caregivers who feel helpless at the face of SoS' poignant and complex form of grief, the model can point to a means of intervention.
期刊論文
1.Alexander, V.(1991)。Grief after suicide: Giving voice to the loss。Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry，24，277-291。  new window
2.Barrett, T. W.、Scott, T. B.(1990)。Suicide bereavement and recovery patterns compared with non-suicide bereavement patterns。Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior，20，1-15。  new window
3.Berman, A.(1996)。Interaction: Survivors of suicide。Newslink，22(3)，3。  new window
4.Calhoun, L. G.、Selby, J. W.、Steelman, J. K.(1988)。A collation of funeral directors' impressions of suicidal deaths。Omega: Journal of Death & Dying，19，365-373。  new window
5.Clark, S.、Goldney, R. D.(1995)。Grief reactions and recovery in a support group for people bereaved by suicide。Crisis，16，27-33。  new window
6.Demi, A. S.(1984)。Social adjustment of widows after a sudden death: Suicide and non-suicide survivors compared。Death Education，5，91-111。  new window
7.Dunn, R. G.、Morrish-Vidners, D.(1988)。The psychological and social experience of suicide survivors。Omega: Journal of Death and Dying，18(3)，175-215。  new window
8.Farberow, N. L.、Gallagher-Thompson, D.、Gilewski, M.、Thompson, L.(1992)。Changes in grief and mental health of bereaved spouses of older suicides。Journal of Gerontology，47，357-366。  new window
9.Jordan, J. R.(2001)。Is suicide bereavement different? A reassessment of the literature。Suicide Life Threat Behavior，31(1)，91-102。  new window
10.Knieper, A.(1999)。The suicide survivor, grief and recovery。Suicide Life Threat Behavior，29(4)，353-364。  new window
11.Kovarsky, R. S.(1989)。Loneliness md disturbed grief: A comparison of parents who lost a child to suicide or accidental death。Archives of Psychiatric Nursing，3，86-96。  new window
12.McIntosh, J. L.(1996)。Survivors of suicide: A comprehensive bibliography update, 1986-1995。Omega: Journal of Death & Dying，33，147。  new window
13.Miles, M. S.、Demi, A. S.(1992)。A comparison of guilt in bereaved parents whose children died by suicide, accident, or chronic disease。Omega: Journal of Death and Dying，24(3)，203-215。  new window
14.Ness, D. E.、Pfeffer, C. R.(1990)。Sequelae of bereavement resulting from suicide。American Journal of Psychiatry，147，279-285。  new window
15.Range, L. M.、Calhoun, L. G.(1990)。Responses following suicide and other types of death: The perspective of the bereaved。Omega: Journal of Death and Dying，24，311-320。  new window
16.Silverman, E.、Range, L.、Overholser, J.(1994)。Bereavement from suicide as compared to other forms of bereavement。Omega: Journal of Death and Dying，30(1)，41-51。  new window
17.Van Der Wal, J.(1989)。The a aftermath of suicide: A review of empirical evidence。Omega: Journal of Death and Dying，20(2)，149-171。  new window
會議論文
1.McIntosh, J. L.、Amett, E.、Thomas, R.(1992)。Grief and bereavement instruments: A comparison. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of Suicidology。Annual meeting of the American Association of Suicidology。Chicago。  new window
2.Seguin, M.、Lesage, A.、Kiely, M.(1993)。Parental bereavement after suicide and accident: A comparative study。Annual meeting of the American Association of Suicidology。San Francisco。  new window
學位論文
1.呂蕙美(2005)。自殺遺族悲傷反應及調適之研究(碩士論文)。東海大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.侯南隆(2000)。我不是壞小孩--喪親少年的生命故事與偏差行為(碩士論文)。南華大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.蔡松芬(2005)。自殺遺族復原歷程探討--以一個經歷多重親人自殺個案為例(碩士論文)。東海大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.鄭淑惠(2005)。自殺遺族適應之研究(碩士論文)。高雄醫學大學。  延伸查詢new window
5.李佳容(2001)。個人面對親人死亡事件心理復原歷程之研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.林家瑩(1998)。喪失子女的父母失落與悲傷反應及復原歷程之研究(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
7.葉何賢文(2003)。悲傷調適歷程及生命意義展現之研究--以喪子（女）父母為例(碩士論文)。南華大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.自殺遺孤編輯委員會(2004)。說不出是自殺。臺北：先覺出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.行政院衛生署(2006)。死因統計結果簡要分析。臺北：行政院衛生署。  延伸查詢new window
3.陳琴富、Longaker, C.(1999)。假如我死時你不在我身邊。臺北：張老師文化。  延伸查詢new window
4.Bolton, I.(1983)。My son...my son...my son: A guide to healing after death, loss, or suicide。Atlanta, GA：Bolton Press。  new window
5.Gain, A. C.(1972)。Survivors of suicide。Springfield：Thomas。  new window
6.Cleiren, M. P. H. D.(1993)。Bereavement and adaptation: A comparative study of the aftermath of death。Hemisphere。  new window
7.Colt, G. H.(1991)。The enigma of suicide。New York：Summit Books。  new window
8.Cook, A. S.、Dworkin, D. S.(1992)。Helping the bereaved: Therapeutic interventions for children adolescents, and adults。New York：Basic Books。  new window
9.Jamison, K. R.(2000)。Night falls fast: Understanding suicide。New York：Random House Inc.。  new window
10.Lukas, C.、Seiden, H. M.(1997)。Silent Grief-Living in the wake of suicide。New York：Jason Aronson。  new window
11.Robinson, R.(2001)。Survivors of Suicide。Santa Monica：IBS press。  new window
12.Worden, J. W.(2002)。Grief counseling and grief therapy: A handbook for the mental health practitioner。New York：Springer。  new window
13.Kübler-Ross, E.(1969)。On Death and Dying: What the Dying Have to Teach Doctors, Nurses, Clergy, and Their Own Families。New York：Macmillan。  new window
14.Worden, J. W.(1991)。Grief counseling and grief therapy: A handbook for the mental health practitioner。London：Routledge。  new window
15.Parkes, C. M.(1972)。Bereavement: Studies of grief in adult life。New York：International Universities Press。  new window
其他
1.Friends, T. C.(2004)。Surviving your child's suicide，http://www.compassionatefiiends.org/， 2004/11/08。  new window
圖書論文
1.李佩怡(2000)。悲傷之自我調適與基本助人技巧。生死學。臺北：洪葉。  延伸查詢new window
2.Cleiren, M.、Diekstra, R.(1995)。After the loss: Bereavement after suicide and other types of death。The impact of suicide。New York：Springer。  new window
3.Farberow, N. L.(1991)。Adult survivors after suicide: Research problems and needs. Life-span perspectives of suicide: Time-lines in the suicide process。Life-span perspectives of suicide: Time-lines in the suicide process。New York：Plenum Press。  new window
4.Stillion, J. M.(1996)。Survivors of Suicide。Living With Grief。Washington, DC：The Hospice Foundation of America。  new window
5.Stroebe, M. S.、Stroebe, W.(1998)。Model of coping。Perspective on loss: A sourcebook。Philadelphia：Brunner Mazel。  new window
6.Rando, T. A.(1995)。Grief and mourning: Accommodating to loss。Dying: Facing the Facts。Washington, DC：Taylor & Francis。  new window
7.Colaizzi, Paul F.(1978)。Psychological research as the phenomenologist views it。Existential-phenomenological alternatives for psychology。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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