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題名:臺北市與高雄市住宅財產稅之比較:兼論兩市財稅努力之差異
書刊名:政治科學論叢
作者:王宏文 引用關係曾彥閔
作者(外文):Wang, Hong-wungZeng, Yan-min
出版日期:2013
卷期:56
頁次:頁119-156
主題關鍵詞:財產稅房屋稅地價稅財稅能力財稅努力累退性公平性Property taxHouse taxLand value taxFiscal capacityFiscal effortRegressive
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(5) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 點閱點閱:100
臺灣的財產稅制係對不動產的土地及建物分別課徵地價稅及房屋稅,本研究定義財產稅為不動產所有權人在持有期間繳納之地價稅及房屋稅的總合。本文分析臺北市及改制前高雄市在2007年的交易個案,結果顯示臺北市與高雄市住宅的財產稅實質稅率平均數分別為0.066%及0.131%,臺北市與高雄市內的財產稅不具水平公平性,高雄市內的財產稅則不具垂直公平性,此外,兩市的最低價住宅皆負擔了較高的財產稅實質稅率。此外,本文也探討中央政府以地方政府實徵之自有財源數為依據來補助地方的一些問題,筆者認為最大的問題是實徵的自有財源包含了財政能力及財政努力兩個變數,實徵的自有財源多,中央政府並不能知道這是因為財稅能力大或是努力較多所造成的,本文的研究結果顯示高雄市住宅的實質稅率幾乎為臺北市住宅的兩倍,但臺北市2007年的財產稅收入卻大約是高雄市的三倍左右,這顯示臺北市潛在的財稅能力較大,即臺北市轄區內不動產的總市值是較大的,使得臺北市能夠以較低的估價比率,即較低的財稅努力,課徵到較多的財產稅收。若臺北市付出與高雄市一樣的財稅努力,臺北市的稅課收入應可增加許多,因此,臺北市是以較低的財稅努力,使實際收取的自有財源低於正常財稅努力下的水準,進而獲得較多的補助,因此自有財源數並不是一項好的分配基礎。中央政府應計算各縣市的財產稅的實質稅率,並且改善中央政府補助地方政府的公式,避免以實徵之自有財源數為分配基礎,而應發展更好的財稅能力及財稅努力指標,來作為分配的依據。
This study compares effective property tax rates in the cities of Taipei and Kaohsiung. The results show that the mean of the effective property tax rates was 0.066% in Taipei and 0.131% in Kaohsiung in 2007. Horizontal equity is not achieved in either Taipei or Kaohsiung as the property tax is regressive in both cities. Although effective property tax rates are lower in Taipei, its property tax revenue is much higher than Kaohsiung. This is because Taipei City has a higher fiscal capacity due to its higher real estate values. As a result, tax revenue collected by local governments is not a good indicator of fiscal effort because it mixes up fiscal capacity and fiscal effort.
期刊論文
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36.黃呈錐、莊束(2000)。從租稅沿革談妥適課徵房屋稅之芻議--兼談各國課徵制度。財稅研究,32(2),188-205。new window  延伸查詢new window
37.楊松齡(2008)。週期性不動產稅制之檢討與改進。財稅研究,40(1),1-19。new window  延伸查詢new window
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學位論文
1.羅雅慧(2011)。差別稅率財產稅之實施:芬蘭與臺灣經驗(碩士論文)。國立臺北大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.曾巨威、陳津美(1989)。地價稅問題之研究。臺北:財政部賦稅改革委員會。  延伸查詢new window
2.Barro, Stephen M.(1986)。State Fiscal Capacity Measures: A Theoretical Critique。Measuring Fiscal Capacity。Cambridge MA:Lincoln Institute for Land Policy,。  new window
3.Ma, Jun.(1997)。Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer: A Comparison of Nine Countries (Cases of the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, Japan, Korea, India, and Indonesia).。Washington:The World Bank。  new window
4.Fisher, Ronald C.(1996)。State and Local Public Finance。Chicago, IL:Richard D. Irwin。  new window
5.梁發進、劉彩雲(1989)。房屋稅問題之研究。臺北:財政部賦稅改革委員會。  延伸查詢new window
6.International Association of Assessing Officers(2010)。Standard on Ratio Studies。Kansas City, Missouri:IAAO。  new window
7.Mikesell, J. L.(2003)。Fiscal Administration: Analysis and Applications for the Public Sector。Belmont, CA:Wadsworth Publishers。  new window
其他
1.財政部財稅資料中心(2011)。財政部財稅資料,http://www.fia.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=1, 2011/11/27。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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