Property tax as the source of public investments which are inputs to the production of community living services is analyzed. As such it on the one hand increases the value throuth capitalization of the tax burden. An optimum property tax rate that maximizes the total property value of the community must exist. Another optimum tax rate is defined as the one that maximizes the total net social benefits of the community. This article first identifies these two optimum rates and then shows they equal to each other under certain conditions. It therefore clarifies the idea of "highest and best use" held in the real estate circle. With the assumption that the average local property tax rate in the U.S. is actually the optimum rate resulted from the public choice process, the marginal tax productivity of community living service in the U.S. is estimated. The latter is used together with other parameters for an estimate of the optimum property tax for Taiwan. The conclusion is that the housing tax rate and land tax rate in Taiwan should be raised at least five-fold.