The purpose of this study was to explore the road running training involved in health-related fitness and occupational physical of senior high school students with moderate or severe intellectual disability. Method: The subjects of this research is based on 40 students with moderate or severe intellectual disability at senior high school of Special Education in Taoyuan County, among them 20 in experiment group and 20 in control group. Experiment group received the road running training for 16 weeks, 3 times a week and 50 continuous minutes each time, whereas the control group does not implement any physical training. An independent samples t-test comparing the differences between the two groups before and after the training. A dependent t-test was run to analyze the differences of health-related physical fitness and occupational physical performance before and after training. A Pearson's product moment correlations analyzed factors between health-related physical fitness and occupational physical performance. The result showed that after the 16 weeks' road running training, the experimental group performed better than the control group in all of the measured items; the performance of physical fitness including 60 seconds curl-ups, standing broad jump, and 800/1600 m run and the occupational physical items, i.e. the single foot standing with eyes opened, the single foot standing with eyes closed, walking, stair climbing and descending etc. are all above the average level (p<.05). And the better the physical fitness, the more occupational physical performance improve. Conclusion: The road running training appeared to be an effective method for training students with moderate or severe intellectual disability in physical fitness and occupational physical performance.