澳門作為一個城市型、開放型的獨立經濟體，在自由貿易港和“一國兩制”條件下， 考察和衡量人口承載力的標準宜採取居民生活質素以及與同類型地區人口承載水平進行比較。人 多地少、人口密度高，居住、交通等剛性需求的土地佔有是澳門人口承載力的最大瓶頸。從現時 人均GDP 、人均GNI 、HDI 、失業率等指標的綜合反映看，澳門處於世界高收入國家（地區） 的行列，體現了較強的承載力水平和可持續發展能力。如果在教育、交通、醫療和養老等社會公 共設施建設方面能夠獲得更好的發展，澳門的人口承載力還有提高的空間。未來澳門提高承載力 的途徑主要有：爭取水域管轄權，繼續適當填海造地和與內地合作擴展土地空間，緩解人土矛 盾；拓展對外貿易和投資，緩解人口與資源的矛盾；調整內部結構，緩解人口與社會發展的矛盾。

Macau, as an independent economic entity with a model of city and openness, will be distinguished from the traditional perspective based on local resources in terms of the standards used for examining and measuring the carrying capacity of population. It should be judged under the living quality of residents and compared with the carrying level of population in the same type of areas. The biggest bottleneck of the carrying capacity of population in Macau is the land possession of the rigid demands including a large population with relatively little land, high population density, living and transportation. From the comprehensive reflections of the indicators of per capita GDP, GNI, HDI and unemployment rate, Macau is included in the high-income countries and regions, which reflects a relatively strong level of carrying capacity and sustainable development. The carrying capacity of population in Macau still has some space for improvement if better growth can be achieved in aspects of education, transportation, medical service and old-age pension. The major ways to improve Macau’s carrying capacity are in the following: strive for the rights of management of waters, continue to reclaim land properly and cooperate with the mainland to expand territorial space so as to relieve the conflict between people and land; expand trade and investment with the outside to mitigate the conflict between the population and resources; adjust the internal structure to relieve the conflict between population and social development.