In 1945, Chiang Kai-shek sent troops to Taiwan and northern Vietnam in accordance with MacArthur's General Order No.1. Chiang's regime remained in Taiwan after Japanese's surrender. Chiang's regime established the National Language Promotion Committee (NLPC) to promote Mandarin Chinese in Taiwan. In the early period, NLPC adopted a tolerant language policy. That is, to promote Mandarin Chinese through Taiwanese language. For example, NLPC published Taiwanese Conversations in 1950, and Taiwanese Dialect Symbols in 1952. However, this tolerant policy shifted to a harsh one in the 1960s. The Taiwanese language was forbidden in public areas and its name "Taiwanese" was replaced by "Southern Min."