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題名:選民的政治認知與投票行為
書刊名:人文及社會科學集刊
作者:徐火炎 引用關係
出版日期:1995
卷期:7:1
頁次:頁247-288
主題關鍵詞:選民政治認知投票行為
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(12) 博士論文(5) 專書(2) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:10
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:74
     本文從「黨派思維結構體」的概念,來說明選民可能應用作為處理選舉情境訊息 的一種心理機制,並從政治認知的角度來看選民的「政治練達水平」,並進一步據以分析選 民的投票行為。首先,從本文關於黨派思維結構體的分析中,我們發現:雖然臺灣缺乏深厚 的政黨政治的文化與傳統,但在競爭性政黨政治萌芽的民主轉型過程中,隨著選舉與政黨競 爭的規模擴大,選民的腦海中已經逐漸發展出「黨派思維結構體」,而用之於政治性(尤其 是黨派性)訊息處理的思考與推理上。其次,選民應用黨派思維結構體的程度,與他們的政 黨政治價值取向、政黨認同、政黨印象及政治練達水平等,均具有顯著的影響關係。第三、 選民的黨派思維結構體應用情形,對黨派投票抉擇與投票取向,雖沒有直接的影響作用,但 透過影響黨派的心理特徵,而具有間接與居中的影響效果。第四、對政治練達水平的探討, 則有助於了解選民投票取向的主要差異所在;政治練達水平以政見議題投票的選民為最高, 政黨取向投票的選民居次,再次是候選人取向的投票,而以人際及社會網絡投票的選民為最 低。總之,黨派思維結構體與政治練達水平,有助於我們了解選民在面對選舉情境中充滿黨 派的政治訊息時,究竟依賴何種政治思考與推理上的「啟發」或判斷捷徑,以作成投票行動 的選擇。
     This essay adopts the concepts of "partisan schema" and "level of political sophistication" to explore how voters process voting cues in elections. Along with the emerging of opposition parties in Taiwan's democratization process, not only have elections become more competitive among parties but voters have also been imbued with more partisanship since the 1980s. There has been a weak partisanship in Taiwan, a Confucian society with one-party dominant system. Nevertheless Taiwanese voters have increasingly processed voting cues and cast their votes by their party preferences in post-authoritarian elections. Based on analyzing a survey data of the Second Legislative Yuan election, it is found first that sex and education are predictor variables of voters' use of partisan schema and their levels of political sophistication. Secondly, both the use of partisan schema and the level of sophistication are found correlated with the strength of party preference and support, and they are also the two most significant factors in shaping of individuals' voting-orientations and partisan vote-choices. Findings on voters' use of partisan schema and the level of sophistication would shed light on our understanding of Taiwanese voters' shortcut or heuristics in political reasoning and votechoice making.
期刊論文
1.Berelson, Bernard R.(1952)。Democratic Theory and Public Opinion。Public Opinion Quarterly,16(3),313-330。  new window
2.Bennett, Stephen E.(1989)。Trends in Americans' Political Information, 1967-1987。American Politics Quarterly,17,422-435。  new window
3.Barton, Alan H.、Parsons, R. Wayne(1977)。Measuring Belief System Structure。Public Opinion Quarterly,41(2),159-180。  new window
4.Axelord, Robert(1973)。Schema Theory: An Information Processing Model of Perception and Cognition。American Political Science Review,67(4),1248-1266。  new window
5.Conover, Pamela Jonston、Feldman, Stanley(1984)。How People Organize the Political World: A Schematic Model。American Journal of Political Science,28,95-126。  new window
6.Conover, Pamela Jonston、Feldman, Stanley(1991)。Where is the Schema? Critiques。American Political Science Review,85,1364-1369。  new window
7.Bolland, John M.(1980)。The Structure of Political Cognition: A New Approach to Its Meaning and Measurement。Political Behavior,3,248-265。  new window
8.Fiske, Susan T.、Kinder, Donald R.、Larter, W. Michael(1983)。The Novice and the Expert: Knowledge-Based Strategies in Political Cognition。Journal of Social Psychology,19,381-400。  new window
9.Delli Carpini, Michael X.、Keeter, Scott(1991)。Stability and Change in the U. S. Public's Knowledge of Politics。Public Opinion Quarterly,55,583-612。  new window
10.Fiske, Susan T.、Linville, Patricia W.(1980)。What Does the Schema Concept Buy Us?。Personality and Social Psychological Bulletin,6,543-557。  new window
11.Hamill, Ruth、Lodge, Milton、Blake, Frederick(1985)。The Breadth, Depth, and Utility of Class, Partisan, and Ideological Schemata。American Journal of Political Science,29,850-870。  new window
12.Hagner, Paul R.、Pierce, John C.(1983)。Levels of Conceptualization and Political Belief Consistency。Micropolitics,2,311-348。  new window
13.Kuklinski, James H.、Luskin, Robert C.、Bolland, John(1991)。Where is the Schema? Going Beyond the 'S' Word in Political Psychology。American Political Science Review,85,1341-1355。  new window
14.Knight, Kathleen(1985)。Ideology in the 1980 Election: Ideological Sophistication Does Matter。Journal of Politics,47,828-853。  new window
15.Luskin, Robert C.(1987)。Measuring Political Sophistication。American Journal of Political Science,31,856-899。  new window
16.Lazrus, Richard S.(1984)。On the Primacy of Cognition。American Psychologist,39,124-129。  new window
17.Wyckoff, Mikel L.(1980)。Belief System Constraint and Policy Voting: A test of the Unidemensional Consistency Model。Political Behavior,2,115-146。  new window
18.Wyckoff, Mikel L.(1987)。Issues of Measuring Ideological Sophistication: Level of Conceptualization, Attitudinal Consistency, and Attitudinal Stability。Political Behavior,9,193-224。  new window
19.Wyckoff, Mikel L.(1987)。Measure of Attitudinal Consistency as Indicators of Ideological Sophistication: A Reliability and Validity Assessment。Journal of Politics,49,148-168。  new window
20.徐火炎(19930700)。選民的政黨政治價值取向、政黨認同與黨派投票抉擇:第二屆國大代表選舉選民的投票行為分析。國家科學委員會研究彙刊. 人文及社會科學,3(2),144-166。  延伸查詢new window
21.Luskin, Robert C.(1990)。Explaining Political Sophistication。Political Behavior,12(4),331-361。  new window
會議論文
1.Lau, Richard R.(1986)。Political Schemata, Candidate Evaluations, and Voting Behavior。Political Cognition: The 19th Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。  new window
2.Lau, Richard R.、Sears, David O.(1986)。Social Cognition and Political Cognition: The Past, the Present, and the Future。Political Cognition: The 19th Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。  new window
3.Lau, Richard R.、Sears, David O.(1986)。Political Cognition: The 19th Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition。Political Cognition: The 19th Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。  new window
4.Miller, Arthur H.(1986)。Partisan Cognitions in Transition。Political Cognition: The 19th Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。  new window
圖書
1.Brown, Steven R.(1980)。Political Subjectivity: Applications of Q Methodology in Political Science。New Haven: CT:Yale University Press。  new window
2.Key, V. O. Jr.(1966)。The Responsible Electorate: Rationality in Presidential Voting 1936-60。Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press。  new window
3.Ginsberg, Benjamin(1986)。The Captive Public: How Mass Opinion Promotes State Power。New York:Basic Books。  new window
4.Lippmann, Walter(1922)。Public Opinion。New York:The Free Press。  new window
5.Sniderman, Paul M.、Brody, Richard A.、Tetlock, Philip E.(1991)。Reasoning and Choice: Explorations in Political Psychology。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
6.Campbell, Angus、Converse, Philip E.、Miller, Warren E.、Stokes, Donald E.(1960)。The American Voter。New York:John Wiley and Sons, Inc.。  new window
圖書論文
1.Fiske, Susan T.、Kinder, Donald R.(1981)。Involvement, Expertise, and Schema Use: Evidence from Political Cognition。Personality, Cognition and Social Interaction。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。  new window
2.Converse, Philip E.(1964)。The Nature of Belief Systems in Mass Public。Ideology and Discontent。New York:The Free Press。  new window
3.Holyoak, Keith J.、Gordon, Peter C.(1984)。Information Processing and Social Cognition。Handbook of Social Cognition。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。  new window
4.Lau, Richard R.、Erber, Ralph(1985)。Political Sophistication: An Information-Processing Perspective。Mass Media and Political Thought: An Information-Processing Approach。Beverly Hills, CA:Sage。  new window
5.Kinder, Donald R.(1983)。Diversity and Complexity in American Public Opinion。Political Science: The State of the Discipline。Washington, DC:American Political Science Association。  new window
6.Miller, Arthur H.、Asp, Kent(1985)。Learning About Politics From The Media: A Comparative Study of Sweden and the United States。Mass Media and Political Thought: An Information-Processing Approach。Beverly Hills, CA:Sage。  new window
 
 
 
 
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