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題名：多層次巢覆式R&D外溢效果與其對臺灣製造業不同科技部門之貢獻
書刊名：經濟論文叢刊
作者：蔡光第／楊浩彥
作者(外文)：Tsai, Kuang-ti／Yang, Hao-yen
出版日期：1996
卷期：24:1
頁次：頁29-59
主題關鍵詞：研究與發展；外溢；技術；生產力；Research and development；R&D；Spillover；Techonlogy；Productivity
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(15) 博士論文(6) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:15
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:104
　　　　　本文將各產業使其R&D資本密集度的高低歸納成高、中、與低科技三個 部門，並利用投入產出表建立不同科技部門間R&D資本的外溢矩陣，藉以分析各 部門間R&D資本漏損與接收的結構及其變遷。此外，本文亦提出「多層次巢覆式」 R&D外溢(Mutilevel-NestedR&D Spillovers)的觀念，將外溢來源(Sources of Spillovers) 分成部門間、部門內產業間、與部門內產業內三大類。將上述各類來源的外溢 R&D資本放進生產函數後，我們先估計各外溢R&D資本在不同部門中的生產彈 性，再據以轉換成R&D投資的私人與社會報酬率。本文實証結果指出:(1)各科技 部門之產出均受到外溢R&D資本的影響;(2)不同來源別的外溢R&D資本對各部門 產出的影響互不相同;(3)高科技與低科技部門的R&D投資私人報酬率幾乎為零， 但高科技部門R&D投資的社會報酬率卻顯著低於低科技部門。中科技部門R&D 投資社會報酬率高於低科技部門，但前者外溢效果顯著低於後者;(4)自身部門內 外溢R&D資本對高、低科技部門產出有顯著影響。
　　　　　Manufacturing industries are usually classified into three sectors high, medium, and low tech sectors according to their R&.D capital intensity. By using an Inpm-Output framework we construct amatrix to characterize the sources and beneficiaries of each intrasector spillover. We discuss the structures of the spillovers and theirchange. Then, R&.D spillovers (i.e. multilevel-nested spillovers) aredecomposed into the intersector spillover, intrasector-interindustryspillover, and intrasector-intraindustry spillover. Each of these spillovers will affect the output of a secTor. After selecting the form ofthe production function, output elasticiries of each spillover areestimated. The results of the estimated elasticities are used to calculate the social and private rates of return on R&&D investment.Our analysis reveals that the three sectors are influenced by variousR&LD spillovers, and the spillover elasticities for the receiving industries are significantly different among the sectors. Also, there issubstantial variation with respect to the rates of return on differenttypes of R&LD spillovers.
期刊論文
1.Evenson, R. E.、Kislev, Y.(1973)。Research and productivity in wheat and maize。Journal of Political Economy，81(6)，1309-1329。  new window
2.Scherer, F. M.(1982)。Inter-industry technology flows in the United States。Research Policy，11(4)，227-245。  new window
3.Levin, R. C.、Reiss, P. C.(1988)。Cost-reducing and Demand-creating R&D with Spillovers。Rand Journal of Economics，19(4)，538-556。  new window
4.Griliches, Z.(1964)。Research Expenditures, Education and the Aggregate Agricultural Production Function。American Economic Review，44，961-974。  new window
5.Bernstein, J. I.(1989)。The Structure of Canadian Inter-industry R&D Spillovers and the Rates of Return to R&D。Journal of Industrial Economics，37，315-328。  new window
6.Bernstein, J. I.、Nadiri, M. I.(1988)。Interindustry R&D Spillovers Rates of Return and Production in High-Tech Industries。American Economic Review Papers and Proceeding，78，429-434。  new window
7.Bernstein, J. I.、Nadiri, M. I.(1989)。Research and Development and Inter-industry Spillovers: An Empirical Application of Dynamic Duality。Review of Economics and Statistics，56，249-269。  new window
8.Bregman, A.、Fuss, M.、Regev, H.(1991)。High Tech and Productivity: Evidence from Israeli Industrial Firms。European Economic Review，25，1199-1221。  new window
9.Bosworth, D. L.(1978)。The Rate of Obsolescence of Technical Knowledge--A Note。Journal of Industrial Economics，26，273-279。  new window
10.De Bondt, R.、Slaet, P.、Cassiman, B.(1991)。The Degree of Spillovers and the Number of Rival for Maximum Effective R&D。International Journal of Industrial Organization，10，35-54。  new window
11.Goel, R. K.(1990)。The Substitutability of Capital, Labor and R&D in US Manufacturing。Bulletin of Economic Research，42，211-227。  new window
12.Jaffe, A. B.(1986)。Technological Opportunity and Spillovers of R&D: Evidence from Firms' Patents, Profit and Market Value。American Economic Review，75，984-1001。  new window
13.Odagiri, H.、Iwata, H.(1986)。The Impact of R&D on Productivity Increase in Japanese Manufacturing Companies。Research Policy，15，13-19。  new window
14.Spence, M.(1984)。Cost Reduction, Competition and Industry Performance。Econometrica，52(1)，101-121。  new window
15.Akira, Goto、Suzuki, Kazuyuki(1989)。R&D capital, rate of return on R&D investment and spillover of R&D in Japanese manufacturing industries。The Review of Economics and Statistics，71(4)，555-564。  new window
16.Mansfield, Edwin(1980)。Basic Research and Productivity Increase in Manufacturing。The American Economic Review，70(5)，863-873。  new window
17.Cohen, Wesley M.、Levinthal, Daniel A.(1989)。Innovation and Learning: The Two Faces of R&D。The Economic Journal，99(397)，569-596。  new window
18.Griliches, Zvi(1979)。Issues in Assessing the Contribution of Research and Development to Productivity Growth。Bell Journal of Economics，10(1)，92-116。  new window
研究報告
1.蔡光第、楊浩彥(1993)。我國製造業各業別R&D資本之外溢及其貢獻。台北：台灣經濟研究院。  延伸查詢new window
2.Lau, L.、Leiberman, M.、Williams, M.(1989)。Economics of Scale and Technical Change in Automobile Manufacturing: Comparison of Japanese and United States Firm。Stanford, C.A：Stanford University。  new window
圖書
1.Mansfield, E. A.、Rapoport, J.、Schnee, J.、Wanger, S.、Hamburger, M.(1977)。Research and Innovation in the Modern Corporation。New York：Norton。  new window
2.Schmookler, J.(1966)。Innovation and Economic Growth。Cambridge：Harvard University Press。  new window
3.Terleckyj, N. E.(1974)。Effects of R&D on the Productivity Growth of Industries: An Exploratory Study。National Planning Association。  new window
圖書論文
1.Levin, R. C.、Reiss, P. C.(1984)。Tests of a Schumpeterian Model of R&D and Market Structure。R&D, Patents and Productivity。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
2.Uno, K.(1989)。Research and Development in an Input-Output Framework--A Methodological Exposition。Measurement of Services in an Input-Output Framework。North-Holland。  new window
3.Pakes, A.、Schankerman, M.(1984)。The Rate of Obsolescenceof Knowledge, Research Gestation Lags and the Private Rate of Return to Research Resources。R&D, Patens and Productivity。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
4.Terleckyj, N. E.(1982)。R&D and U.S. Industrial Productivity in the 1970s。The Transfer and Utilization of Technical Knowledge。Lexington：Lexington Books。  new window
 
 
 
 
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