本文主要討論兩種典型的世界主義，以反省跨文化交流的困境與現實問題。第一種 世界主義是以歐洲為中心的西方世界觀，以「中心/邊陲」之結構解釋世界，並提供世界史以 「東方觀點」來進行文化交匯，其本質是文化帝國主義。第二種世界主義是中國為中心的華 族世界觀，則以「華夏/夷狄」為結構解釋世界，提出對「夷狄觀點」的批判，其文化交匯的 本質是文化種族主義。這兩種世界主義的困境有極大的類似性。本文認為，走出困境的關鍵 在於解消獨斷而異化的主體性，讓文化的當地性呈現出來，以面對後殖民觀點的論述。結論 是，真正的文化不外就是當地性自身。

　　　　　The aim of this article is to discuss two kinds of world-view, and reflect on the cross-cultural interaction and its actual problems. The first kind of world-view is based on the Europe position, which explains the world with the structure of center-and-periphery. This position gives the European an Orientalism and consists of certain cultural imperialism. The second kind of world-view, which derived from Chinese tradition, interprets the world with the structure of Chinese-and-barbarians and its essence consists of a culture ethnic nationalism. Both of these two world-views have the same embarrassed situation, and the key point of a way out of its is to find out their localities with the post colonialist statements. Therefore, the conclusion is that the authentic essence of culture is nothing but its locality.