The Marxist concept of nationhood has developed from one that claims no nation for the working class to one that calls the people to sing the national anthem. Tom Nairn, whose study represents such development, explores the dialectical relationships among the people, nation and class, inheriting and developing Marxist views on these concepts. By analyzing the politic and economic situation of the world, he illustrates the interdependence between people and nationalism. On the basis of Lenin’s thought, Nairn answers the question in traditional Marxism of whether nationalism should be supported.Through historical analysis, he integrates and unites class consciousness and national consciousness, comprehensively explains the issue of nationhood in the age of globalization,forms a philosophical analysis of nationalism in the context of Neo-Marxism, and reveals the realistic value of Marxism and its contemporary significance.