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題名：違規和違法行為責任歸咎的身份效應--基於官員、富人與普通人間的比較分析
書刊名：應用心理學
作者：黃文軍／段繼鵬／尹軍／張鋒
出版日期：2017
卷期：23(4)
頁次：366-375+317
主題關鍵詞：違規／違法行為；責任歸咎；身份效應；Violations/illegal behaviors；Blame；Identity effect
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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為探討違規和違法事件中,旁觀者對不同社會身份行為者的責任歸咎是否具有一致性,研究要求被試對三組不同身份匹配條件下(官員/普通人、富人/普通人以及官員/富人)的違規和違法行為進行責任歸咎,結果發現,無論是對違規行為,還是對違法行為,人們對具有官員身份的行為者的責任歸咎最為嚴苛,對具有富人身份的行為者的責任歸咎其次,而對既非官員也非富人的普通人的責任歸咎則相對寬容,因而責任歸咎中具有明顯的身份效應。
In order to investigate whether the social identity of transgressors influences the blame judgment on the observed immoral behaviors,three groups of participants were asked to evaluate the blameworthiness for the transgressors with behaviors that violate social regulations or laws and with three different parried identities(officials vs. ordinary people,the rich vs.ordinary people,and officials vs. the rich). It was found that no matter the transgressors violate the social regulations or laws, the observers blame the transgressors who are officials highest,the rich second and ordinary people lowest. Such findings indicate that a definite identity effect can be observed on the blame judgment.
期刊論文
1.Fragale, A. R.、Rosen, B.、Xu, C.、Merideth, I.(2009)。The higher they are, the harder they fall: the effects of wrongdoer status on observer punishment recommendations and intentionality attributions。Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes，108(1)，53-65。  new window
2.Burke, P. J.、Stets, J. E.(1999)。Trust and commitment through self-verification。Social Psychology Quarterly，62(4)，347-366。  new window
3.Goldberg, C. B.(2003)。Applicant reactions to the employment interview: A look at demographic similarity and social identity theory。Journal of Business Research，56(8)，561-571。  new window
4.Young, L.、Nichols, S.、Saxe, R.(2010)。Investigating the neural and cognitive basis of moral luck: It's not what you do but what you know。Review of Philosophy and Psychology，1(3)，333-349。  new window
5.Vandello, J. A.、Michniewicz, K. S.、Goldschmied, N.(2011)。Moral judgments of the powerless and powerful in violent intergrou p conflicts。Journal of Experimental Social Psychology，47(6)，1173-1178。  new window
6.Schleim, S.、Spranger, T. M.、Erk, S.、Walter, H.(2011)。From moral to legal judgment: the influence of normative context in lawyers and other academics。Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience，6(1)，48-57。  new window
7.辛素飛、辛自強(2012)。社會身份複雜性的研究：理論、方法與進展。心理科學進展，20(3)，433-442。  延伸查詢new window
8.吳小勇、楊紅升、程蕾、黃希庭(2011)。身份凸顯性：啟動自我的開關。心理科學進展，19(5)，712-722。  延伸查詢new window
9.李鵬、陳璟、王晶、李紅(2015)。信念與結果對道德，法律責任判斷的影響。心理科學，38(4)，916-922。  延伸查詢new window
10.Burke, P. J.(2004)。Identities, events, and moods。Advances in Group Processes，21(1)，25-49。  new window
11.Black, K. A.、Gold, D. J.(2008)。Gender differences and socioeconomic status biases in judgments about blame in date rape scenarios。Violence and Victims，23(1)，115。  new window
12.Ames, D. L.、Fiske, S. T.(2013)。Intentional harms are worse, even when they're not。Psychological Science，24(9)，1755-1762。  new window
13.Alicke, M. D.(2000)。Culpable control and the psychology of blame。Psychological Bulletin，126(4)，556-574。  new window
14.De Bock, T.、Vermeir, I.、Kenhove, P.(2013)。"What's the harm in being unethical? These strangers are rich anyway!" Exploring underlying factors of double standards。Journal of Business Ethics，112(2)，225-240。  new window
15.Cushman, F.、Dreber, A.、Wang, Y.、Costa, J.(2009)。Accidental outcomes guide punishment in a "trembling hand" game。PloS One，4(8)，e6699。  new window
16.Cushman, F.(2008)。Crime and punishment: Distinguishing the roles of causal and intentional analyses in moral judgment。Cognition，108(2)，353-380。  new window
17.Kanekar, S.、Dhir, V. L.、Franco, B.、Sindhakar, A. R.、Vaz, L.、Nazareth, A. M.(1993)。Causality, blame and punishment。The Irish Journal of Psychology，14(4)，596-604。  new window
18.Guglielmo, S.、Malle, B. F.(2010)。Can unintended side effects be intentional? Resolving a controversy over intentionality and morality。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，36(12)，1635-1647。  new window
19.Goodenough, O. R.、Prehn, K.(2004)。A neuroscientific approach to normative judgment in law and justice。Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London，359(1451)，1709-1726。  new window
20.Malle, B. F.、Guglielmo, S.、Monroe, A. E.(2014)。A theory of blame。Psychological Inquiry，25(2)，147-186。  new window
21.Lench, H. C.、Domsky, D.、Smallman, R.、Darbor, K. E.(2015)。Beliefs in moral luck: When and why blame hinges on luck。British Journal of Psychology，106(2)，272-287。  new window
22.Cast, A. D.、Burke, P. J.(2002)。A theory of self-esteem。Social Forces，80(3)，1041-1068。  new window
23.Ellemers, Naomi、Spears, Russell、Doosje, Bertjan(2002)。Self and social identity。Annual Review of Psychology，53(1)，161-186。  new window
學位論文
1.汪永昌(2012)。我國社會轉型時期仇官心態研究(碩士論文)。湖南師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Rundell, M.、Fox, G.(2002)。Macmillan English Dictionary: For advanced learners。Oxford：Macmillan。  new window
2.Robinson, P. H.、Darley, J. M.(1995)。Justice, liability, and blame: Community views and the criminal law。Boulder, CO：Westview Press。  new window
3.Leary, M. R.、Tangney, J. Price(2003)。Handbook of self and identity。New York：Guilford Press。  new window
其他
1.Adler, N.，Stewart, J.(2007)。The MacArthur scale of subjective social status，http://www.macses.ucsf.edu/Research/Psychosocial/subjective.Php.。  new window
圖書論文
1.Reicher, S. D.、Spears, R.、Haslam, S. A.(2010)。The social identity approach in social psychology。The SAGE handbook of identities。London, England：SAGE。  new window
 
 
 
 
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