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題名:國際合資事業控制機制之研究─以組織學習觀點
作者:李啟誠
作者(外文):Chi-Cheng Lee
校院名稱:國立成功大學
系所名稱:企業管理學系碩博士班
指導教授:張淑昭
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2003
主題關鍵詞:控制機制組織學習知識取得國際合資事業Knowledge acquisitionInternational joint ventureOrganizational learningControl mechanism
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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論 文 摘 要
隨著全球日益競爭的市場,為提昇競爭優勢,不少企業藉由國際合資事業以學習外國企業的知識與技術,使得國際合資事業被視為企業組織學習的平台。本研究以組織學習的觀點,探討母公司於國際合資事業所採取的控制機制,對國際合資事業自外國合夥人知識取得之影響;並瞭解學習能力、外部環境等變項對國際合資事業所採取的控制機制以取得知識間之節制效果;最後,更進一步探討國際合資事業所取得的知識對其學習績效之影響。
本研究以台灣104家中外合資事業為樣本,藉由複迴歸、ANOVA、及t 檢定等方法進行實證研究。研究結果發現:
1.公司於國際合資事業採取人員訓練控制機制,是有助
於國際合資事業自外國合夥人取得可編輯知識;而採取
文化與績效控制機制,是有助於不可編輯知識的取得。
2.在各項控制機制的實施下,國際合資事業本身的吸收能
力對採取人員任用控制機制以取得知識具有節制效果,
但對採取人員訓練控制機制以取得知識具有促進效果。
3.外部環境愈變化,採取結構會議、績效等控制機制,均
有助於知識的取得。
4.當外部環境愈變化且國際合資事業具有學習能力時,採
取文化控制機制有助於知識的取得。
5.國際合資事業所獲得的知識愈多,則對經濟、能力基
礎/人力資源發展、及綜合等績效的提高將愈有助益。
6.績效控制機制為學習績效之最佳預測因子。
7.自外國合夥人所取得的知識愈多,其對學習績效之影響
以獲得能力基礎/人力資源發展績效為較佳。
8.高知識取得國際合資事業較低知識取得國際合資事業有
較佳的學習績效,部分控制機制亦有此一傾向。
9.非主導主權的國際合資事業較主導主權的國際合資事業
有較多機會接觸外國合夥人的理念、管理、及科技,也
較易獲得知識。
從組織學習的觀點,組織學習能夠帶來績效的改善,但必須有「知識取得」為基礎;而組織學習的程序,從個體的認知與解釋、再擴及團體的整合、及最後組織集體心智的改變,組織學習程序之各個活動均會影響到知識的取得,使得學習是有其條件的。故誘因學習(績效控機制)在組織學習的過程中扮演一重要的角色,此誘因不僅有更高機率取得所需的知識外,亦較有可能讓這學習的知識轉換為更多元化之績效(經濟、能力基礎/人力資源發展、及綜合等績效)。
關鍵詞:國際合資事業、控制機制、組織學習、知識取得
Abstract
With the gradually competitive global market, and for increasing on competitive advantage, many companies take International Joint Venture (IJV) to learn knowledge and technique of foreign companies so that the IJV is considered to be their learning platform. In the perspective of organizational learning, the study explores (A) parent companies that take control mechanism in the IJV and the effect that the IJV gains knowledge from foreign partners; (B) understanding learning capacity or external environment that causes the moderated effect between control mechanism taken by parent companies and knowledge acquisition by the IJV; (C) the effect of knowledge gained by IJV on its learning performance.
The study takes samples from 104 sino-foreign joint ventures in Taiwan, and does empirical research through multiple regression, ANOVA and t-test. The results of the study:
1.In the IJV, parent companies take “personnel training” control mechanism helpful to gaining codifiable knowledge from foreign partners, and takes “culture” and “performance” control mechanism helpful to gaining noncodifiable knowledge from them.
2.In carrying out all kinds of control mechanism, the absorptive capacity of the IJV causes moderated effect between “personnel appointing” control mechanism taken by parent companies and knowledge acquisition by the IJV, but the absorptive capacity of the IJV causes promoting effect between “personnel training” control mechanism taken by parent companies and knowledge acquisition by the IJV.
3.When the external environment changes more, both “regular meeting” and “ performance” control mechanism help to acquire knowledge.
4.When the external environment changes more and the IJV has learning capability, taking “culture” control mechanism helps to gain knowledge.
5.The more knowledge the IJV gains, the higher performance of economics, competency-based and synergy will be increased, especially gaining noncodifiable knowledge will be more helpful to that of economics, competency-based and synergy.
6.“Performance” control mechanism is the best forecasting factor of learn performance.
7.The learning performance from foreign partner’s knowledge acquisition is higher in the competency-based.
8.The higher knowledge acquisition of the IJV has better learning performance than the lower knowledge acquisition, and part of control mechanism has the same tendency.
9.Non-dominated share ownership of IJV has more chances to contact foreign partners’ ideas, management and technology, and is easier to get more knowledge.
In the perspective of organizational learning, organization learning can bring the improvement of performance, but this must be based on “knowledge acquisition”. In addition, the process of organizational learning extends form individually cognizing and explaining to the group integrating, furthermore to collective mind change at last, which lets us know that organizational learning has some conditions so that incentive learning plays an important role in the process of organization. The incentive learning not only has a higher probability to gain knowledge needed, but also may enable the knowledge learned to transform into more diversified performance.
Keywords: International joint venture, Control mechanism, Organizational learning,
Knowledge acquisition
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