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題名:專利權利範圍的確定—以發明專利為中心
作者:吳宏亮
作者(外文):Hung-Liang Wu
校院名稱:東海大學
系所名稱:法律學系
指導教授:李成
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2015
主題關鍵詞:發明定義申請專利範圍中心界定主義周邊界定主義說明書據以實現要件支持要件申請專利範圍解釋均等論The Definition of The InventionClaimswritten descriptionEnablementCentral ClaimingPeripheral Claiming,Claim ConstructionThe Doctrine of Equivalents.
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:17
專利制度的源起,目前通說係採揭露交換理論。在該理論下的實務運作發展至今,除了要求發明人必須在說明書中揭露其發明之外,並賦予該發明人有權藉著申請專利範圍此一文件以文字來界定其發明,藉此,第三者則可由說明書以及申請專利範圍來瞭解該發明並判斷其權利範圍。惟,因為文字的不精確性,界定者的自利本能以及解讀者的不同前理解,使得權利範圍無法客觀的被確定。
本研究的主要目的即在尋求一個可以解決該缺失的處理模式。在研究的開端,係探究申請專利之發明的定義,到底專利所要保護的發明是具體的物或方法,還是抽象的技術思想,本研究發現制定法並未能提供答案,而學者們似乎傾向後者。接著,本研究的主題是從制定法中有關說明書以及申請專利範圍的記載規定以及實務操作來檢驗受專利保護的發明到底為何,研究結果顯示受專利保護的發明應為抽象的技術思想,只是抽象位階無法客觀的予以限定。
最後,本研究係在探究限定技術思想抽象位階的客觀模式,而結果是發現可以借用哲學解釋學中統一前理解的理論來達到此目的。
總之,依據本研究前述之研究結果,要確定專利權利範圍的最佳方式是:
1.申請專利之發明應定義為一種涵蓋一組具共同特徵之實施例的技術思想;
2.以前述之該組實施例來統一解讀者的前理解,並以之來限定發明之技術思想抽象位階;
3.目前制定法有關說明書以及申請專利範圍之規範內容仍然可以適用;
4.當前述對發明之定義,在受到來自新興科技的挑戰時,均等論可以作為一種外部控制手段,來適度調整權利範圍。
The standard theory of patent scope is disclosure in nowadays. Under this theory, an inventor for filing a patent needs to disclose his invention in specifications and define the metes and bounds of his invention in claims such that the public can understand the invention and the patent scope thereof. However, because of the inability of words to achieve precision, the inventor’s self-interest and the different pre-understanding of the interpreter, the exact scope of a patent is often unknown until a court interprets that patent's claims.
The primary object of my study is to find the ways for setting out an optimal scope of patent protection. In the beginning, the subject to be probed is whether the invention defined in patent law is the actual physical thing made by the inventor or an abstract idea behind the actual physical thing created by the inventor. I find the patent law cannot answer the question clearly and most of the scholars are in favor of the latter. Then, the topic of my study is to survey which definition of an invention for patent is suitable for the present practice of claims and specifications. I find the answer is that the abstract idea behind the actual physical thing is more suitable than the actual physical thing itself. Lastly, the subject of my study is to find whether there has a new mode to fix the patent scope. I find that the unifying pre-understanding theory in the methodology of Philosophical Hermeneutics can be used to reach this purpose.
Under the results of my study, the ways for setting out an optimal scope of patent protection would be concluded as follows:1.The invention should be defined as an abstract idea covering a set of embodiments with some common features;2.The set of embodiments can be used as a tool for unifying the
pre-understanding in fixing the patent scope;3.The statutes relating to claims and specification of the current patent law are still suitable for the invention defined according to my findings; and 4.When the definition of the invention of my findings is challenged by the after-arising technologies, the doctrine of equivalents can be used as an extrinsic means to adjust the patent scope.
參考文獻
壹、中文(以著者姓氏筆畫排序)
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三、參考案例
智慧財產法院100年度民專上字第24號民事判決
智慧財產法院100年度民專上字第38號民事判決
智慧財產法院100年度民專上易字第19號民事判決
智慧財產法院101年度民專上字第28號民事判決
智慧財產法院101年度民專上更(二)字第2號民事判決
智慧財產法院101年度民專訴字第43號民事判決
智慧財產法院102年度民專上字第25號民事判決
智慧財產法院102年度民專上字第37號民事判決
智慧財產法院102年度民專訴字第127號民事判決
智慧財產法院102年度民專訴字第129號民事判決
智慧財產法院102年度民專訴字第93號民事判決
智慧財產法院102年度民專訴字第142號民事判決
智慧財產法院102年度民專訴字第95號民事判決
智慧財產法院102年度民專訴字第97號民事判決
智慧財產法院103年度民專上字第12號民事判決
智慧財產法院103年度民專上字第13號民事判決
智慧財產法院103年度民專上字第3號民事判決
智慧財產法院103年度民專上字第6號民事判決
智慧財產法院103年度民專上字第8號民事判決
智慧財產法院103年度民專訴字第52號民事判決
智慧財產法院103年度民專訴字第5號民事判決
智慧財產法院103年度民專訴字第7號民事判決
智慧財產法院97年度民專上字第8號判決
智慧財產法院97年度民專訴字第3號民事判決。
智慧財產法院97年度民專訴字第6號民事判決
智慧財產法院98年度民專上字第10號民事判決
智慧財產法院98年度民專訴字第29號民事判決
智慧財產法院98年度民專訴字第49號民事判決
智慧財產法院98年度民專訴字第58號民事判決
智慧財產法院99年度民專上更(一)字第12號民事判決
智慧財產法院99年度行專訴字第50號行政判決
智慧財產法院民事判決102年度民專上字第32號民事判決
智慧財產法院民事判決99年度民專上易字第29號
智慧財產法院97年度民專訴字第2號民事判決
最高行政法院103 年度判字第417 號判決
最高行政法院99年度判字第1271號判決
最高法院101年度台上字第230號民事判決
最高法院103年度台上字第1843號民事判決
最高法院99年度台上字第1225號民事判決
最高法院民事97年度台上字第420號判決
最高法院民事98年度台上字第1857號判決
最高法院民事98年度台上字第2349號判決
最高法院民事98年度台上字第2484號判決
臺灣高等法院臺中分院90年度重上字第39號民事判決
臺灣高等法院臺中分院93年度智上更一字第1號民事判決
臺灣臺北地方法院96年度智字第87號民事判決
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