The Hans of Chen-din, the Hans of An-yang, the Chens of Lang-chung, the Chaos of Chan-chou, the Hsians of Ho-nei, the Tsens of Chin-Kiang, and the Hungs of Po-yang were all famous families in the Sung Dynasty, who acquired prominent positions in the range of politics by means of civil service examination. Many of them were developed to learning, establishing a reputation of scholarly pursuits that lasted for several generations. The old proverb that a gentleman's achievements will never be matched by this posterity of the fifth generation' is not the case during the Sung period. The scholarly fame of the Lius of Hsin-yu was first built by Liu Shih. Liu Shih entered the natonally known academy called Pai-lu-don at the age of 18. He won the first place in the Min-chin competition. Liu Shih passed away in his late forties. His wife carried on her husband's intellectual commitment and educated their five sons so well that all of them obtained their titles of Chin-shih. Liu Shih's grandsons Liu Chan and Liu Bin, both conferred the degrees of Chin-shih, and Liu Chan's son Liu Fon-shih were all distinguished specialists in Han Shu (History of the Han Dynasty) and Ho Han Shu (History of the Eastern Han Dynasty). Their descendants Liu Chin-chi and Liu Ching-chi, in the Southern Sung period, were very renowned for their research on historical and philosophical subjects. The Lius of the later time devoted themselves completely to the study of philosophy and followed the great scholar Chu Shi. The Lius' celebrity for academic achievement lasted as long as three centuries, including 11 generations. There were members of the first three generations since Liu Shih who were titled Chin-shih, thus securing the Liu family in the Kiang-hsi province fame for intellectual interests. This article is aimed to show how the Lius achieved such remarkable accomplishments and how they set a good example to those who tried to win promotion by academic efforts.