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題名：Let’s "Read Their Lips"!: An Empirical Study Probing the Effects of Adopting Shadowing in an EFL Classroom
書刊名：國立彰化師範大學文學院學報
作者：高士凡
作者(外文)：Kao, Shih-fan
出版日期：2013
卷期：8
頁次：頁111-134
主題關鍵詞：跟述；英語聽力；英語口語能力；英語為外國語言；口譯；Shadowing；Listening comprehension；Speaking proficiency；EFL；Interpretation
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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本論文的主要目的在檢試課堂上使用跟述方法來增進英語聽說能力的效果，並了解學生對於跟述教學的反應與態度。二十八位時為一私立科技大學應英系一年級的學生參與本研究，參與者的英文程度為中初級至中級，他們接受為期一學年的跟述練習（每週二十分鐘）。參與者在跟述教學的開始前及結束後均接受多益聽說測驗。在資料分析方面，成對樣本 t檢定來檢測前測與後測的帄均數是否有統計上顯著的不同。此外，如帄均數達統計上的顯著不同，規模效應值 (eta squared)也用來進一步檢定跟述教學與後測進步成績之間的關聯強度，及進步成績有多少的變異量可由跟述教學來解釋。二十八參與者也個別接受一次訪談以了解他們對跟述教學的態度及看法。統計結果顯示出：在經過一年的跟述教學後，二十八參與者在英語聽說能力均有顯著的進步；規模效應值也顯出跟述教學對此顯著的進步有重大的影響。另外，訪談的質性資料也顯示參與者在語言上的進步、動機興趣的提升、英語學習的改變三方面均表達他們對跟述教學的正面態度與想法。因此，本論文的結果指出：跟述教學是有效的英語習得方法，能提供大量的語言輸入和口說機會。最後，本論文也探討研究結果可給予的教學啟示，作者本身對跟述教學的觀點，和研究本身的限制。
This study probed into the effects of shadowing on students‘ listening comprehension, speaking proficiency and their response to and attitudes towards the skill. Subjects consist of 28 freshman students from a private technical college with lower intermediate to intermediate level of English proficiency and the participants are given a weekly 20-minute lecture for two semesters. All participants took a TOEIC test on the listening and speaking sections before and after the experiment. Paired-samples t-test was conducted to check the statistical significance in the participants‘ pre and post mean scores. In addition, if the mean scores reach statistical significance, the eta squared may suggest the correlation between shadowing and post test, and shadowing skill can further explain the measures of variance in the scores. Individual interviews were conducted to survey participants' attitudes towards shadowing. After one-year shadowing lecture the results indicate that 28 participants have shown significant improvements in their listening comprehension and speaking proficiency. The eta squared also suggests that shadowing has significant effect on the improvements. Moreover, the qualitative findings also indicate that the participants hold more positive attitudes towards shadowing lecture in terms of language improvements, motivation to learn, and changes in English learning. As a result, the findings suggest that shadowing is an effective method to provide EFL learners with enormous amount of language input and opportunities for spoken English. The paper concludes with discussions of the pedagogical implications of the research findings, author's views on the shadowing and the limitations of the study.
期刊論文
1.高士凡(20090200)。Increasing Reading Input Outside the Classroom: An Experimental Study Investigating the Power of Extensive Reading for Pleasure。景文學報，19(1)，123-144。  new window
2.Andrews, G.、Howie, P. M.、Dozsa, M.、Guitar, B. E.(1982)。Stuttering: Speech pattern characteristics under fluency-inducing conditions。Journal of Speech and Hearing Research，25，208-216。  new window
3.Bathgate, R. H.(1985)。Studies of translation models 3: An interaction model of the translation process。Meta，30(2)，129-138。  new window
4.Kelham, R.、McHale, A.(1966)。The application of learning theory to the treatment of shuttering。British Journal of Disorders of Communication，1，114-118。  new window
5.吳敏嘉(19991200)。A Step by Step Approach to the Teaching of Simultaneous Interpretation。翻譯學研究集刊，4，265-280。new window  new window
6.Lambert, S.(1992)。Shadowing。Meta，37(2)，263-273。  new window
會議論文
1.Graves, M. F.、Graves, B. B.(1994)。Scaffolding reading experiences to promote success for students learning English as a foreign language。The Tenth Conference on English Teaching and Learning in the Republic of China。Taipei：Crane。1-14。  new window
學位論文
1.林麗琪(2009)。以“跟述”為任務實施在台灣國中生英語教學研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣科技大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Creswell, J. W.(2012)。Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches。Thousand Oaks, CA：Sage。  new window
2.Worthen, B. R.、White, K. R.、Fan, X.、Sudweeks, R. R.(1999)。Measurement and assessment in schools。New York：Addison Wesley Longman。  new window
3.American Psychological Association(2009)。Publication manual of the American Psychological Association。Washington, D.C.：American Psychological Association。  new window
4.Brand, Q.(2009)。Reading people for better reading。Taipei, Taiwan：Beta Multimedia Publishing。  new window
5.Chang, C. C.(2003)。How I learned English。Taipei, Taiwan：Classic Communications Co。  new window
6.Guitar, B.(2005)。Stuttering: An integrated approach to its nature and treatment。Philadelphia：Lippincott Williams & Wilkins。  new window
7.Nicol, A. A. M.、Pexman, P. M.(1999)。Presenting your findings: A practical Guide for creating tables。Washington, D.C：American Psychological Association。  new window
8.Richards, J.、Schmidt, R. W.(2010)。Dictionary of language teaching & applied linguistics。London：Longman。  new window
9.Rilcy, R.(2008)。Achieve TOEIC: Test-preparation guide。Hampshire, UK：Heinle, Cengage Learning EMEA。  new window
10.Wong, W.(2003)。Input enhancement: From theory and research to the classroom。Boston：MrGraw-Hill Education。  new window
11.Brown, J. D.(1988)。Understanding research in second language learning: A teacher's guide to statistics and research design。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
12.Pallant, J.(2007)。SPSS survival manual。Berkshire, UK：Chicago, IL：Open University Press。  new window
13.Merriam, S. B.(1999)。Qualitative research and case study applications in education。San Francisco：Jossey-Bass。  new window
14.Dörnyei, Zoltán(2007)。Research Methods in Applied Linguistics: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methodologies。Oxford University Press。  new window
15.Gass, S. M.(1997)。Input, interaction, and the second language learner。Mahwah, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
16.Cohen, J.(1988)。Statistical power and analysis for the behavioral sciences。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
17.Brown, H. D.(2007)。Teaching by principles: an interactive approach to language pedagogy。Pearson Longman。  new window
18.Creswell, John W.(2009)。Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches。Sage Publications, Inc.。  new window
19.Rubin, H. J.、Rubin, I. S.(1995)。Qualitative Interviewing: the Art of Hearing Data。Sage Publications。  new window
20.Krashen, Stephen D.(2004)。The power of reading: Insights from the research。Libraries Unlimited。  new window
其他
1.Educational Testing Service.(2009)。Examinee handbook: Speaking & writing，http://www.ets.org/Media/Tests/TOEIC/pdf/TOEIC_Speaking_and_Writing_Examinee_Handbook.pdf， 2012/09/02。  new window
2.Schweda Nicholson, N.(1990)。The role of Shadowing in interpreter training，http://www.openstarts.units.it/dspace/bitstream/10077/2152/1/07.pdf， 2012/08/08。  new window
圖書論文
1.Schweda Nicholson, N.(1986)。Screening Interpretation Candidates at Delaware: A Comparative Study。Proceeding of the first North American translators congress。Medford, N. J：Learned Information, Inc。  new window
2.Van Dam, I.(1989)。Strategies of simultaneous interpretation。The Theoretical and Practical Aspect of Teaching Conference Interpretation。Udine：Campanotto Editore。  new window
3.Mackintosh, J.(1991)。Language enhancement for interpreters。An anthology of new translation theories。Hong Kong：Commercial Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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