Differences exist in trade secrets protection between cross-straits, due to their own legislative backgrounds, histories, requirements, purposes, and so forth. However, since 2002, cross-straits both became Members of the World Trade Organization and need to comply with the obligations of TRIPS. Moreover, (Legal) legal systems for trade secrets protection in leading countries, such as U.S. Uniform Trade Secrets Act enacted in 1979, U.S. Economic Espionage Act of 1996, and the Unfair Competition Prevention Acts in Japan and Germany both being amended frequently in recent years, have all drawn attention on the issues of the change of legal systems in terms of the protection of trade secrets, namely criminalization and penalty on extraterritorial offenses. Accordingly, this article will first discuss the history, the requirements and the shortages of trade (business) secrets protection, as far as penalties are concerned, either in Taiwan or China. Secondary, based on the content of the “Agreement on Cross-Straits Joint Fight Against Crimes and Mutual Legal Assistance,” analyses are made on the difficulties and challenges on cross-straits joint prevention of trade secrets crimes. Finally, in view of the joint prevention of trade secrets crimes, suggestions are proposed as to likely improve disadvantages on punishment against extraterritorial offenses and suggestions regarding creative contents of judicial mutual legal assistance against crimes are proposed as well.