史之稱美者，以敘事為先。本文從史傳背景考察，討論《史記》屬辭比事的敘事策略。運用明清評點材料，梳理清代評點家鉤稽《史記》對稱敘事的歷程。則知桐城派自方苞以下，尊奉《左》、《史》，注重《春秋》屬辭比事的概念，先立其大，奠定正確閱讀《史記》的方向，提出「相映」概念，指出《史記》敘事有其結構的對稱性。後來在王又樸、吳汝綸的進一步闡發中，對稱敘事的偶對義法逐步成形，並精益求精，從「相映」到「相發」，注重其文、其事、其義合一。故史傳與敘事之間，透過屬辭比事和偶對義法，便有自史法融通到文法的清晰脈絡。

Historical writing includes historical narrative and historical explanation. Sima Qian's use the method of explain by relevant comparison, as a way of combining historical narrative and historical interpretation. This article discusses the relationship between the method of explain by relevant comparison and the narrative commentary of ＂shi-ji＂. It points out the commenter by Tongcheng School in Qing Dynasty used the method of explain by relevant comparison to commentary the Narrative of Shi-Ji.