本研究目的在瞭解國小教師體育專業背景之生師比與學童體適能表現的關聯性，研究方法透過橫斷性的次級資料分析，運用「學校體育統計年報」及「學生體適能檢測」兩資料庫分別取得學校體育課教師的體育專業背景，同時對照該校學生體適能測驗成績，以獨立樣本 t檢定進行統計。以平均值而論，學校體育專業師資生師比之高低差距，於「仰臥起坐」，「立定跳遠」及「 800公尺跑走」等三項體適能成績存在顯著差異，男生在「坐姿體前彎」部分存在顯著差異，而女生則無。從過往文獻可知，影響學生體適能之相關因素涵蓋諸多因子，本研究結果發現「學校體育專業師資比例」亦為其中一環。體育專業教師人數相對較高的國小，其學生的體適能成績確實有較佳的表現，建議未來可將提高學校體育專業師資之比例做為體育政策推展重點。

This study aimed to explore the correlation between elementary school PE teachers’ professional background and school children’s physical fitness performance. The study employed secondarydata analysis, using two databases: the “ARPES” and “SPFT”, toobtain teachers’ educational backgrounds, and measured the ratio of students to teachers with a professional PE background. There existed a statistically significant difference between the quality of school PE teachers and student-teacher ratio. There was also a significant difference for onlymale students based on “Sit and Reach” and “Weight”. This study verified the difference in the number of “Schools’ Qualified PE Teachers.” With a higher ratio of students to professional PE teachers, students would have better physical fitness performance. Therefore, it is suggested that increasing the ratio of physical education teachers to students for elementary schools is the key to promoting the effectiveness of physical fitness.