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題名:祖普南杰求賞事及19世紀初清朝與哲孟雄的關係
書刊名:民族研究
作者:扎洛敖見
作者(外文):Zha, LuoAo, Jian
出版日期:2015
卷期:2015(6)
頁次:98-107+125
主題關鍵詞:清代哲孟雄西藏祖普南杰Qing dynastySikkimTibetGtsug-phudRnam-rgyal
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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1821年哲孟雄國王祖普南杰請求清駐藏大臣、噶廈政府賞給帕克里營官職位、卓木河谷地方百姓等,引發了有關清朝與哲孟雄關系的討論,結果駐藏大臣等不僅否決了哲孟雄的要求,還出臺了限制哲孟雄王進藏「瞻禮」的政策。本文利用藏漢文史料,對此事原委及其歷史影響進行了考述。認為哲孟雄反復求賞官職、地方,反映其對1792年清軍驅逐廓爾喀戰爭之后未能追回被廓爾喀所占領土深為不滿。求賞之事雖有先例可循,但是,在頒布《藏內善后章程二十九條》之后,清朝在西藏地方的對外交往政策日趨保守。駐藏大臣等漠視哲孟雄求賞之請,致使英國勢力乘虛而入。總之,在19世紀初期英國開始向喜馬拉雅山地區實施殖民擴張的背景下,清朝「邊疆政策」中的「一視同仁」原則已凸顯其缺陷。
In 1821, Gtsug-phudRnam-rgyal, the King of Sikkim, asked the ambans and the bka’-shag government to appoint an official position as the chief of phag-ri and reward the local people of gro-mo valley, which led to a dispute of the relationship between the Qing Dynasty and Sikkim. As a result, the ambans not only rejected the request from Sikkim, but also published a policy to restrain the king of Sikkim from going on pilgrimage to Tibet. Using historical materials in both Tibetan and Chinese, the paper did a textual research on the reason, details, and influence of this historical event. Sikkim’s repeated requests reflected his discontentment for the constant missing of the land which had been invaded and occupied by Gurkha, even after Qing’s army drove off Gurkha in 1792. He thought that his requests were reasonable in the background of the traditional relationship. But after the publishment of Zang Nei Shanhou Zhangcheng Ershijiu Tiao 藏內善后章程二十九條 the relative policy of the Qing dynasty had been changed. The Britain’s force began to intrude into this region when the ambans ignored Sikkim’s requests. Overall, during the early 19 th century, with Britain starting its colonial expansion towards the Himalayas, "the balance principle" of the Qing government had shown its defect.
期刊論文
1.Muilard, Saul(201404)。Sikkim and the Sino-Nepalese War of 1788-1792: A Communique from Bao tai to the Sikkimese Commander Yug Phyogs Thub。Revue d'Etudes Tibetaines,29。  new window
2.紮洛(2004)。六世班禪致沃倫•黑斯廷斯的信函及相關史實考辯。世界民族,2004(3)。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.許淵欽(2011)。哲孟雄政教史研究(博士論文)。四川大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.扎洛(2012)。清代西藏與布魯克巴。中國社會科學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.吳燕紹、吳豐培(1977)。廓爾喀紀略輯補。中國社會科學院民族研究所歷史室。  延伸查詢new window
3.圖多南傑、益喜卓瑪(2003)。哲孟雄王統史。祖拉康出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.曲旺(2003)。哲孟雄政教史--遍識明鑒。崗托克南傑藏學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
5.阿旺羅桑嘉措(1989)。第五世達賴闌嘛自傳--雲裳。西藏人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.噶瑪丹迥(2011)。藏巴汗傳。西藏:藏文古籍出版社。  延伸查詢new window
7.Rishley, H. H.(1976)。The Gazetteer of Sikkim。Oriental Publisher。  new window
8.《西藏研究》編輯部(1982)。〈西藏〉、〈衛藏通志〉合刊。西藏人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
9.Markham, Clements R.(1879)。Narratives of the Mission of George Bogle to Tibet, and of the Journey of Thomas Manning to Ihasa。London, Ludgate Hill:Trlibner and Co.。  new window
10.Singh, Amar Kaur Jasbir(1988)。Himalayan Triangie, A Historical Survey of British India's Relations with Tibet, Sikkim and Bhutan, 1765-1950。The British Library。  new window
11.Mosca, Matthew W.(2013)。From Frontier Policy to Foreign Policy: The Question of India and the Transformation of Geopolitics in Qing China。Stanford University Press。  new window
12.張其勤、吳豐培(1983)。清代藏事輯要。拉薩:西藏人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.參贊大臣海蘭察等奏報遵旨籌辦進兵廓爾喀境事宜及探獲敵情折(乾隆五十七年四月十五日)(04-01-32-0076-009)。  延伸查詢new window
2.噶廈關於臨時給哲孟雄生活補助的多紮、薩波熱等溪卡所欠公畜稅一定納支等情給輪值江孜代本多傑傑布的有關指令。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.文幹、靈海(1944)。哲孟雄部長來藏妄求地方人口嚴行駁飭遣回折(道光元年十一月)。清代藏事奏牘。中國藏學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.(2006)。參贊大臣海蘭察等奏報遵旨籌辦進兵廓爾喀境事宜及探獲敵情折(乾隆五十七年閏四月十六日)。欽定廊爾喀紀略。中國藏學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
3.(2007)。大學士伯和珅字寄協辦大學士大將軍福康安等奉上諭令大兵克復濟嚨直趨陽布著福康安即撤諭廓爾喀附近之布魯克巴作木朗披楞西藏哲孟雄宗木等部落合力進兵即使兵力不敷亦當嚴密堵截不使賊匪頭人乘間竄逸。廓爾喀檔。臺北:沉香亭企業社。  延伸查詢new window
4.賽沖阿(1994)。檄諭哲孟雄部長文(嘉慶二十一年)。清代藏事奏牘。中國藏學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
5.升泰(1994)。查明藏番界址並到藏開導折。清代藏事奏牘。中國藏學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.(1994)。欽定藏內善後章程二十九條(乾隆五十八年)。元以來西藏地方與中央政府關係檔案史料彙編。中國藏學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
7.喜明、河實克(1994)。駁飭廓爾喀請敕諭披楞各守邊界折(嘉慶二十年三月十六日)。清代藏事奏牘。中國藏學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
8.賽沖阿、喜明、珂實克(1994)。辦理廓爾喀邊務折(嘉慶二十一年六月初六日)。清代藏事奏牘。中國藏學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
9.(1994)。駐藏大臣文乾等奏哲孟雄部長來藏妄求地方人口嚴行駁飭遺回折(道光元年十一月)。清代藏事奏牘。中國藏學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
10.柳陞祺、鄧銳齡(1985)。第六世班禪額爾德尼洛桑貝丹意希生平事蹟述評。民族史論叢。中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
11.瑚圖禮、祥保、珂實克(1994)。駁飭廓爾喀王稟稱披楞要侵擾藏地請給金銀以資戰爭折(嘉慶十九年八月初二)。清代藏事奏牘。中國藏學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
12.鮑海勇(2007)。清嘉道時期的南亞政策--以尼泊爾、英屬印度為例。中國傳統對外關係的思想、制度與政策。山東大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
13.(18141227)。Report on Sikkim by Dr. Buchanan。Bangal Secret letter。  new window
 
 
 
 
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