Public cultural construction in impoverished mountainous area is restricted by"the urban-rural dual system,the regional dual economy pattern and the regional cultural ecology". This paper notes down the cultural life of Caijiapo village in Liuba County of Shanxi province lying in Qinba Mountain area,which relates to local history, geographical environment, marriage and family, livelihood, local customs and public culture, thus helping to better grasp the special cultural pattern under a specific geographical environment and the internal logic of public culture development, and to boost the cultural targeted poverty alleviation.