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題名:海事學生航海印象內涵探索及對船員職涯選擇之影響—社會資訊的干擾效果
作者:陳銓
作者(外文):Chen, Chiuan
校院名稱:國立臺灣海洋大學
系所名稱:航運管理學系
指導教授:余坤東
陳秀育
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2022
主題關鍵詞:航海印象社會資訊船員職涯選擇shipping impressionsocial informationseafaring career choices
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海運是推動國際經濟的骨幹,執行運輸任務的專業船員是海運發展成敗與否之關鍵。然而,船員因其職業之特殊性,導致現實生活中,不論是現役的船員或是社會大眾,對於船員職業的興趣都有逐年下降的趨勢,船員短缺長期以來都是各國發展海運所必須面臨的棘手問題。在此一背景下,本論文從提升職業印象(即航海印象)的角度來探討,透過探索航海印象的內涵,針對航海印象進行構面開發與分類,再以所建構的航海印象構面,進行航海印象與海事學生船員職涯選擇影響的關聯探討。另外本研究也將社會資訊納入考慮,分別探討來自父母、教師、同儕等不同來源的社會資訊對於海事學生船員職涯選擇的干擾效果。
本研究以國立台灣海洋大學、國立海大附中以及國立蘇澳海事水產職業學校航海、輪機科學生為研究對象,透過問卷調查以及資料分析,探索及驗證前述的因果關聯。資料分析方法包括因素分析、集群分析、迴歸分析以及結構方程模式等相關工具。研究分析結果如下:
一、「航海印象與船員職涯選擇有顯著正向關聯」部分成立。
二、「教師社會資訊會干擾航海印象與船員職涯選擇的正向關聯」不成立。
三、「父母社會資訊會干擾航海印象與船員職涯選擇的正向關聯」部分成立。
四、「同儕社會資訊會干擾航海印象與船員職涯選擇的正向關聯」部分成立。
最後,本研究根據研究結果及結論,分別提出對航政主管機關、海事校院、海事高職與後續研究之建議。
Shipping is the backbone of the international economy, and professional crew members who perform transportation tasks are the key to the success of the development of shipping industry. However, due to the specific requirements at work, active crews or the general public’s interest in a shipping career choice has been declining year by year. The shortage of crew members has long been a big challenge that all countries must face in the development of maritime transport. In this context, this research aims to explore from the perspective of enhancing professional impression. Through exploring the implications as well as developing and classifying the concepts in different dimensions, the framework of shipping impression is constructed to examine the relationship between professional impression and the seafaring career choices of the maritime students. This study also takes social information as a key factor and explores the interference effect of social information from parents, teachers, and peers on maritime students in the shipping career selection process.
The subjects of the study are students studying at National Taiwan Ocean University, the Affiliated Keelung Maritime Senior High School of NTOU and National Suao Marine & Fisheries Vocational High School. Through questionnaire surveys and data analysis, the aforementioned causal relationship is explored and verified. Data analysis methods include factor analysis, cluster analysis, regression analysis, and structural equation models and other related tools.
The research and analysis results are as follows:
(1). That shipping impression and seafaring career choices have a significant positive correlation is partly confirmed.
(2). That teachers’ social information will interfere with the positive correlation between shipping impression and seafaring career choices is not significant.
(3). That parents’ social information will interfere with the positive relationship between shipping impression and seafaring career choices is partly confirmed.
(4). That peers’ social information will interfere with the positive relationship between shipping impression and seafaring career choices is partly confirmed.
Finally, based on the research results and conclusions, this research puts forward suggestions for navigation administration authorities, maritime colleges, vocational high schools, and future research.
Keywords: shipping impression, social information, seafaring career choices
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