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題名：人格特質、社會資本、先前知識對創業機警性影響之實證研究：創業家與經理人的比較分析
書刊名：創業管理研究
作者：陳志遠 引用關係／張勝立 引用關係／魏式琦／楊金展
作者(外文)：Chen, Chih-yuan／Chang, Sheng-li／Wey, Shyh-chyi／Yang, Chin-chan
出版日期：2007
卷期：2:4
頁次：頁25-56
主題關鍵詞：創業機警性；人格特質；社會資本；先前知識；機會辨識；Entrepreneurial alertness；Personality traits；Social capital；Prior knowledge；Opportunity identification
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(8) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:8
  • 共同引用共同引用:61
  • 點閱點閱:125
摘要 創業機警性被許多學者認為會影響機會辨識，但是相關的實證研究很少，本研究 以台灣創業家及企業經理人為樣本，採用問卷調查與多變量統計分析方法，進行影響 台灣創業家及企業經理人創業機警性之實證研究，實證結果主要發現：1.影響台灣創 業家的創業機警性之主要因素為先前知識與創造力；2.影響台灣經理人的創業機警性 之主要因素為先前知識；3.台灣創業家與經理人合併樣本後，影響創業機警性之因素 為先前知識與創造力；4.樂觀與社會資本(包含社會網絡中之資訊與資源的取得以及助 力的獲得)不會影響創業家與經理人的創業機警性；5.社會資本可能是創業機警性影響 機會辨識過程中的調節變數，也可能對機會辨識有直接的影響效果；6.創業家平均創 造力顯著高於經理人，顯示創造力對創業機警性之影響佔有極重要的地位。
Abstract Ardichvili et al. (2003) has developed a theory related to the process of identification and development of entrepreneurial opportunity. They believed that the personality traits of entrepreneurs, social network, and prior knowledge would influence the entrepreneurial alertness firstly, and then the opportunity was identified and developed; however, in Taiwan, there are few empirical researches related to the opportunity identification and affected elements. This study used the theory of opportunity identification of Ardichvili et al. (2003) as a basis to develop a questionnaire, and conduct an empirical study of entrepreneurial alertness of Taiwan’s entrepreneurs and managers. According to the results of statistical data, this study has developed a theory of entrepreneurial alertness that regards it as a reference to all entrepreneurs and managers. The major findings are presented as follows: 1. The key variables of influencing Taiwan entrepreneurs’ alertness are the creativity of personality traits and prior knowledge. 2. The vital variable of influencing Taiwan managers’ alertness is prior knowledge. 3. According to the incorporated samples of Taiwan entrepreneurs and managers in this study, the key variables of influencing entrepreneurial alertness are creativity and prior knowledge.4. The variables which do not influence entrepreneurs’ and managers’ alertness are the optimism in personality traits, the acquisition of information and resource and the acquiring assistance from social network. 5. The key variables of influencing entrepreneurial alertness are creativity and prior knowledge; however, the variables of social capital relation would become the moderator between the alertness and opportunity identification. 6. Comparing the creativity of entrepreneurs and managers, this study discovers that the average score of creativity of entrepreneurs is apparently higher than managers’, which shows that creativity is an important variable while starting a new venture. According to the results, creativity and prior knowledge are the two main variables which influence entrepreneurial alertness. In other words, it is harmful to identify entrepreneurial opportunities if these two elements are neglected.
Other
1.Amabile, Teresa M.(1982)。The Social Psychology of Creativity，Springer-Verlag。  new window
期刊論文
1.Low, M. B.、MacMillan, I. C.(1988)。Entrepreneurship: Past Research and Future Challenges。Journal of Management，14，139-161。  new window
2.Krueger, Norris F.、Dickson, Peter R.(1994)。How believing in ourselves increases risk taking: perceived self-efficacy and opportunity recognition。Decision Sciences，25(3)，385-400。  new window
3.Hoang, H.、Antoncic, Bostjan(2003)。Network-based Research in Entrepreneurship: A Critical Review。Journal of Business Venturing，18(2)，165-187。  new window
4.Woodman, R. W.、Schoenfeldt, L. F.(1990)。An interactionist model of creative behavior。Journal of Creative Behavior，24(1)，10-20。  new window
5.Shepherd, D. A.、DeTienne, D. R.(2006)。Prior knowledge, potential financial reward, and opportunity identification。Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice，29(1)，91-112。  new window
6.Ronstadt, R.(1988)。The corridor principle。Journal of Business Venturing，3，31-40。  new window
7.Minniti, M.(2004)。Entrepreneurial alertness and asymmetric information in a spin-glass model。Journal of Business Venturing，19(5)，637-658。  new window
8.Krueger, N. J.、Brazeal, D. H.(1994)。Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs。Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice，19，91-104。  new window
9.Dimov, D.(2007)。Beyond the single-person, single-insight, attribution in understanding entrepreneurial opportunities。Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice，31(5)，713-731。  new window
10.Neck, C. P.、Manz, C. C.(1996)。Thought self-leadership: the impact of mental strategies training on employee cognition, behavior, and affect。Journal of Organizational Behavior，17(5)，445-467。  new window
11.Lee, J. H.、Venkataraman, S.(2006)。Aspirations, market offerings, and the pursuit of entrepreneurial opportunities。Journal of Business Venturing，21(1)，107-123。  new window
12.Kaish, S.、Gilad, B.(1991)。Characteristics of opportunities search of entrepreneurs versus executives: sources, interest, and general alertness。Journal of Business Venturing，6，45-61。  new window
13.Eckhardt, J. T.、Shane, S. A.(2003)。Opportunities and Entrepreneurship。Journal of Management，29(3)，333-349。  new window
14.Busenitz, Lowell W.(1996)。Research on entrepreneurial alertness。Journal of Small Business Management，34(4)，35-44。  new window
15.Ardichvili, A.、Cardozo, R. N.(2000)。A Model of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition process。Journal of Enterprising Culture，8(2)，103-119。  new window
16.Von Hippel, E.(1994)。Sticky Information and the Locus of Problem Solving: Implication for Innovation。Mangement Science，40(4)，429-439。  new window
17.Spreitzer, G. M.(1996)。Social structural characteristics of psychological empowerment。Academy of Management Journal，39(2)，483-504。  new window
18.Dreher, George F.、Ash, Ronald A.(1990)。A Comparative Study of Mentoring among Men and Women in Managerial, Professional, and Technical Positions。Journal of Applied Psychology，75(5)，539-546。  new window
19.Kirzner, I. M.(1997)。Entrepreneurial Discovery and the Competitive Market Process: An Austrian Approach。Journal of Economic Literature，35(1)，60-85。  new window
20.劉常勇、謝如梅(20061200)。創業管理研究之回顧與展望：理論與模式探討。創業管理研究，1(1)，1-43。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.Ardichvili, Alexander、Cardozo, Richard、Ray, Sourav(2003)。A theory of entrepreneurial opportunity identification and development。Journal of Business Venturing，18(1)，105-123。  new window
22.Shane, Scott A.(2000)。Prior knowledge and the discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities。Organization Science，11(4)，448-469。  new window
23.Gaglio, C. M.、Katz, J. A.(2001)。The psychological basis of opportunity identification: Entrepreneurial alertness。Small Business Economics，16(2)，95-111。  new window
24.Scott, Susanne G.、Bruce, Reginald A.(1994)。Determinants of Innovative Behavior: A Path Model of Individual Innovation in the Workplace。Academy of Management Journal，37(3)，580-607。  new window
25.Seibert, Scott E.、Kraimer, Maria L.、Liden, Robert C.(2001)。A social capital theory of career success。Academy of Management Journal，44(2)，219-237。  new window
26.Bandura, Albert、Locke, Edwin A.(2003)。Negative self-efficacy and goal effects revisited。Journal of Applied Psychology，88(1)，87-99。  new window
27.Shane, Scott A.、Venkataraman, Sankaran(2000)。The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research。Academy of Management Review，25(1)，217-226。  new window
28.Zhou, J.、George, J. M.(2001)。When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice。Academy of Management Journal，44(4)，682-696。  new window
29.Adler, Paul S.、Kwon, Seok-Woo(2002)。Social Capital: Prospects for A New Concept。The Academy of Management Review，27(1)，17-40。  new window
30.Coleman, James S.(1988)。Social capital in the creation of human capital。American Journal of Sociology，94(suppl.)，S95-S120。  new window
會議論文
1.Ray, S.、Cardozo, R.(1995)。Modeling the opportunities identification process for entrepreneur and corporate venturing。PDMA Conference。Orlando, FL。  new window
2.Gartner, W. B.、Carter, N. M.、Hills, G. E.(2001)。The Language of Opportunity。Movements of Entrepreneurship Workshop。Stockholm, Sweden。  new window
3.Corbett, A.(2002)。Recognizing high-tech opportunities: A learning and cognitive approach。Babson-Kaufman Entrepreneurship Research Conference。Boulder, CO。  new window
4.Sigrist, B.(1999)。Entrepreneurial opportunity recognition。Annual UIC/AMA symposium at Marketing/Entrepreneurship Interface。Sofia-Antipolis。  new window
學位論文
1.邵秀玲(2005)。以社會資本觀點探討中階主管之事業生涯成功與工作績效(碩士論文)。國立中山大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.曾兆堂(2002)。中小企業主管領導型態、組織氣候對員工創造力之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺北大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.簡嘉誠(2001)。領導風格型態、創造力人格特質搭配對組織承諾與創新績效影響關係之研究(碩士論文)。國立中央大學，桃園縣。  延伸查詢new window
4.方鈺如(2002)。人際信任、社會資本與工作滿意度之相關性研究(碩士論文)。國立海洋大學。  延伸查詢new window
5.丁明潔(2003)。國中生樂觀／悲觀傾向、課業壓力評估、課業壓力因應方式與學校生活適應之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.李澄賢(2004)。大學生的情緒調節、調節焦點、樂觀與創造力之關係(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Stevenson, H. H.、Roberts, M. J.、Grousbeck, H. I.、Bhide, A. V.(1999)。New Business Ventures and the Entrepreneur。Boston, MA：McGraw Hill Inc.。  new window
2.Timmons, J. A.、Spinelli, S.(2004)。New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century。McGraw-Hill。  new window
3.Trott, P.(1998)。Innovation management and new product development。London：Financial Times。  new window
4.Kirzner, Israel M.(1973)。Competition and Entrepreneurship。Chicago, Illinois：University of Chicago Press。  new window
5.De Koning, A.、Muzyka, Daniel F.(1999)。Conceptualizing Opportunity Recognition as a Socio-Cognitive Process。Stockholm：Centre for Advanced Studies in Leadership。  new window
6.Schumpeter, J. A.、吳良健(2003)。資本主義、社會主義與民主。遠足文化。  延伸查詢new window
7.Kirzner, Israel M.(1979)。Perception, Opportunity and Profit。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
8.張春興(2004)。心理學概要。臺北市：東華書局。  延伸查詢new window
9.Amabile, T. M.、Collins, M. A.、Conti, R.、Phillips, E.、Picariello, M.、Ruscio, J.、Whitney, D.(1996)。Creativity in Context: Updates to the Social Psychology of Creativity。Boulder, Co：Westview Press。  new window
10.Schumpeter, J. A.、Opie, Redvers(1934)。The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest and the Business Cycle。Cambridge, Mass.：Harvard University Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Hills, G.、Lumpkin G. T.、Singh, R. P.(1997)。Opportunity recognition: perceptions and behaviors of entrepreneurs。Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research。Wellesley, MA：Babson College。  new window
2.Hills, G. E.、Shrader, R. C.、Lumpkin, G. T.(1999)。Opportunity recognition as a creative process。Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research。Wellesley, MA：Babson College。  new window
3.Brockhaus, R. H.、Horowitz, P. S.(1986)。The psychology of the entrepreneur。The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship。Cambridge, MA：Ballinger。  new window
4.Aspinwall, L. G.、Richter, L.、Hoffman, R. R.(2001)。Understanding how optimism works: an examination of optimists' adaptive moderation of belief and behaviour。Optimism and Pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice。Washington, DC：American Psychological Association。  new window
5.Lumpkin, G. T.、Hills, G. E.、Shrader, R. C.(2003)。Opportunity recognition。Entrepreneurship: The Way Ahead。New York：Routledge。  new window
6.Sternberg, R. J.、Lubart, T. I.(1999)。The concept of creativity: prospects and paradigms。Handbook of creativity。Cambridge University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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