Patent system is undoubtedly a key mechanism in a knowledge-driven economic development. Patent laws provide patent holders with claims that would exclude others from implementing the patent. However, patent claims are insufficient to fortify potential commercial benefits in today's market where products are becoming more finely differentiated as technology advances. As a result, patent licensing also underwent a number of evolutionary changes-from conventional patented technology suppression to product tying, to a current trend of patent holder alliances that allow mutual or joint licensing to help patents enter the market and attain market value.Nevertheless, the effects of market competition arising from emerging ways of patent right licensing could conflict with antitrust regime, which aims for free competition and shapes the challenge to harmonize values of laws. The question of how to determine whether the action of patent holders is beyond the compass of patent and by which requirement to define the action constitutes patent misuse have been the issue for years since the Antitrust Law was enacted in the late 19th century. To balance different values of legitimate interests of Patent Law and Antitrust Law, the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in U.S. set up benchmark to resolve patent infringement cases, which turned out to be the incentives for legislative amendments to govern patent infringement and patent misuse.This article aims to illustrate the standpoints of patent laws and antitrust laws when faced with the issue of patent misuse through reviewing leading cases and relevant regulations to clarify the causation and interaction of patent misuse and indirect patent infringement. Results of this article are intended to be used as reference for legal regime development in Taiwan.