The post-war treatment of Japan was decided by the USA, the USSR and the UK, and not by China, even though China was one of the Allies. At Cairo Chiang Kai-shek had raised the question of reparations and proposed that all Japanese property in China, private as well as public, should be handed to China as compensation. However, at Cairo the Allies made few decisions about post-war Japan, other than agreeing that Japan had to surrender unconditionally.It was only at the Yalta Conference of February 1945 and at the Potsdam Conference in late July 1945 that more substantive decisions were made about the postwar order in East Asia. China was not officially represented at either conference, so her influence was very little.Chiang Kai-shek's general policy was to 'repay aggression with kindness' (yide baoyuan). Iechika Ryoko argued that Chiang Kai-shek announced this policy before Japan's surrender to prepare the ground for a post-war Sino-Japanese alliance to counter the likely efforts of Britain, the USA, and the Soviet Union to rebuild their former positions in Asia or carve out new ones. Huang Tzu-chin argued that Chiang Kai-shek hoped for Japan's assistance in countering the Soviet Union and suppressing Communism in China. This article examines the information and advice from overseas staff and then detects that Nationalist Government's attention exchanges the treatment of post-war Japan for dealing with Yalta Conference's impact. When Japan admitted her fail, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to get the Allies' help, so he had no choice to follow the Potsdam Declaration to formulate his view on the post-war treatment of Japan.