Tiantai Master Zhiyi, in his discourses on cessation and contemplation (śamatha-vipaśyanā) in such writings as Shichan boluomi 釋禪波羅蜜, Xiao zhiguan 小止觀, Chanmen koijue 禪門口訣and Mohe zhiguan 摩訶止觀, offered ways of treating illnesses that came about when a person was practicing cessation and contemplation. He integrated the healing theories by use of meditation that were discussed in Indian and Chinese Buddhist scriptures, absorbed traditional Chinese medicine theories, quoted Taoist classics, referred to folk therapies, adopted health concepts that were popular then and suitable for practitioners, and added his own meditation experience before he came up with a systematic theory of therapies by way of cessation and contemplation. Worldly medicine, however, cannot cure all illnesses. As long as we are trapped in the cycle of reincarnation, we are vulnerable to illnesses. Therefore, we need to contemplate the true origin of illnesses (i.e., the reality beneath all things). Then we will not cling to any conditioned phenomena, and thus be able to be freed from the cycle of birth and death, and actually liberate ourselves from all kinds of illnesses and sufferings. Such a way of contemplation is the perfect sudden cessation and contemplation and is the foremost unworldly dharma medicine. Master Zhiyi regarded this perfect sudden cessation and contemplation as the ultimate therapy, and guidedpractitioners to contemplate on the state of illnesses; that is, to contemplate the reality of an illness in order to practice and realize cessation and contemplation. In other words, practicing and realizing the perfect sudden cessation and contemplation cannot be separated from the state of illness. Therefore, Master Zhiyi taught us how to find out the cause of an illness from the “phenomena,” and offered such therapies as traditional Chinese medicine, meditative concentration (cessation, breath, stilling, imagination, and contemplation of the mind), mantra-chanting, repentance, and fangshu 方術 for treating physical health problems. He also taught us to contemplate on the illness (the analysis of reality) to get rid of the real illness of ignorance, so that both the physical and mental conditions can be stabilized. The spirit and concept of Buddhist medicine were developed to resolve the mental and physical sufferings of sentient beings. Only when our body and mind are both settled can we use this provisional body to practice Buddhism and achieve the goals of maintaining a healthy body and attaining enlightenment. The practice of fully realizing the true original nature is not to be biased against either side, which is similar to the dynamic balance between yin 陰 and yang 陽, the interchangeable use of pellet and powdered medicine, or the dual functioning of stabilizing and insight meditation; that is, when two seemingly different or even opposite things can be perfectly interfused without any hindrance.