In the eyes of Augusto Boal, globalization was a sugar-coated poison touted by imperialistic countries which might one day kill Latin American countries. Since childhood, he got acquainted with the ideas of socialism. When he reached adolescence, he started to view Chê Guevara as a role model in pursuit of revolutionary campaigns when emancipation had begun to sweep over South America. As a young adult, he met a priest who helped the poor with the principles of liberation theology, and he later initiated a cooperative effort with Paulo Freire, a most influential advocator of liberation pedagogy, on a literacy project in northern Brazil. Under the political atmosphere and the emancipating trend over South America, Boal matured as a critical thinker of his time. This paper takes Boal’s individual perspective, as opposed to the biographical approaches taken by prior Chinese and English literatures. The paper uses the thoughts of emancipation as the starting point and discusses how they influenced Boal during his younger years, cumulatively giving birth to the Theatre of the Oppressed. At the same time, through Boal’s Portuguese writings, the paper attempts to elucidate how he presented anti-globalization viewpoints as a citizen of a third-world country and a practitioner of art and culture.