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題名:2014巴西世界盃臺灣平面媒體的女性再現與性別意涵
書刊名:體育學報
作者:姜穎 引用關係
作者(外文):Chiang, Ying
出版日期:2017
卷期:50:1
頁次:頁95-111
主題關鍵詞:足球性別權力運動社會學運動迷FootballGenderPowerSport sociologySports fandom
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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世界盃作為全球化時代重要的媒體景觀,2014年,距離巴西遙遠的「足球沙漠」臺灣社會也在全球化的浪潮中被捲入四年一次的熱潮。依據2015年國際足總世界排名(FIFA / Coca-Cola World Ranking),臺灣名列第179名,臺灣與足球的關係,存在著一個集體的「足球沙漠」自我認同形式,四年一次的「世界盃」是暸解臺灣足球的重要場景。足球在現代運動的發展過程中是男性保留的場域:足球迷的文化是一種「小伙子文化」。然而,近10年西方運動社會學的研究者逐漸開始重視女性足球迷的迷群經驗與認同。作為一個初探性的研究,本文聚焦2014年巴西世界盃足球賽期間,臺灣平面媒體對於女性、女性足球迷的媒體再現,試圖探究其中之性別意識。透過批判性文本分析發現,世界盃為臺灣社會帶來慶典式的足球迷與足球崇拜。平面媒體報導的主要新聞來源為外國媒體、通訊社,蘊含深刻的西方中心,再現出一個異性戀男性宰制的球迷實踐與認同形式。西方女性(足球迷)在此過程中被再現為「大嫂團」或「妓女」;臺灣女性則被再現為不識越位規則,足球比賽的「門外漢」、「菜鳥」、瘋狂購買球衣的消費者或「窺淫」地觀賞男性足球員身體的觀眾,反挫其「真」足球迷的正當性。整體而言,儘管臺灣的足球主流球迷實踐往往是四年一次、暫時且脆弱,但男性仍然依其生理性別被再現為「真正」的足球迷,女性在足球迷群的想像與再現中面臨邊緣化、性化、瑣碎化的困境。
Taiwan, the 179th-place nation on the FIFA World Ranking (as of May, 2015), was a 'desert of football', a common mockery among its fans and press. FIFA World Cup was the synonym of football for most Taiwanese. Most Taiwanese watch and care football only once every four years. Thus, for the Taiwanese football fans who believed that they were the 'true' fans in the football desert, the fandom was the combination of anxiety and sometimes humiliations. Football is a male preserve and its fans are assumed to be male. Football fandom is the representation of 'lad culture'. However, in the past decade, more and more studies focused on the experiences and identities of female football fans. This essay focused on the press representations of Taiwanese female football fans of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. According to the critical text analysis of the four major newspapers' coverage during the tournament, this essay argues that the football discourses were predominantly western and heterosexually male-centered, on the other hand, women in general were merely 'WAGs' and prostitutes. Taiwanese female football fans, in particular, were represented as audiences who only enjoyed the voyeuristic pleasures of watching male athletes' bodies but could not understand the essence of the game, as the ignorance of the off-side rule was the common mockery from their male peers. Even for female football fans, women who actively look at male athletes in desiring ways risk jeopardizing their status as 'legitimate' football fans. There were productions and reproductions of discourses that women were layman of football (although most Taiwanese were the same). Taiwanese women who watch the game were portrayed as rookies or some crazy consumer shop football kit till drop. In sum, Taiwanese male football fans, as fringe and quadrennial as they are, were still assumed to be the 'true' football fans.
期刊論文
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會議論文
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學位論文
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2.孫豪謙(2012)。「足」爽:當代臺灣足球迷經驗研究(碩士論文)。國立東華大學,花蓮縣。  延伸查詢new window
3.郭家彰(2007)。運動社會化媒介對足球運動參與之影響(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
4.王惠玲(2004)。臺灣足球運動發展之研究(1945-2000)(碩士論文)。國立臺東大學,臺東縣。  延伸查詢new window
5.尹智剛(2013)。足球沙漠中的玫瑰--從汐止俱樂部女足隊的創建與球員生涯規劃看臺灣女足的新出路(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學,臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
6.洪千堉(2012)。探索使用者關注名人微網誌之使用與滿足研究--以足球迷與足球員Twitter為例(碩士論文)。國立中山大學,高雄市。  延伸查詢new window
7.張哲豪(2011)。"足球沙漠-臺灣!?"--從運動全球化探討臺灣足球發展(碩士論文)。國立雲林科技大學,雲林縣。  延伸查詢new window
8.Pope, S.(2010)。Female fandom in an English sports city: A sociological study of female spectating and consumption around sport(博士論文)。University of Leicester,Leicester。  new window
9.謝宗順(2007)。台灣足球職業化成立的運動體系研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Coddington, A.(1997)。One of the lads: Women who follow football。London:HarperCollins。  new window
2.Dunn, C.(2014)。Female football fans: Community, identity and sexism。Hampshire:Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
3.Markovits, A. S.、Albertson, E. K.(2012)。Sportista: Female fandom in the United States。Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:Temple University Press。  new window
4.Pearson, G.(2012)。An ethnography of English football fans: Cans, cops and carnivals。Manchester:Manchester University Press。  new window
5.Redhead, S.(1991)。Football with attitude。Manchester:Wordsmith。  new window
6.Maguire, Joseph、Jarvie, Grant、Mansfield, Louise、Bradley, Joe(2002)。Sport worlds: A sociological perspective。Human Kinetics。  new window
7.Crawford, G.(2004)。Consuming sport: Fans sport and culture。Routledge。  new window
其他
1.古硯偉(20140710)。巴西「最黑暗的一天」。  延伸查詢new window
2.王元鴻(20140715)。臺灣足球夢勇敢夢飛翔。  延伸查詢new window
3.(20140629)。奶機妹退燒4大名記搶出頭。  延伸查詢new window
4.伊森(20140710)。半吊子足球迷的憂鬱。  延伸查詢new window
5.許明禮(20140715)。足球喊口號政策未落實。  延伸查詢new window
6.許明禮(20140715)。預算分配有限靠女足拉男足。  延伸查詢new window
7.吳清正,林宥辰(20140702)。不想踢PK,梅西致勝助攻。  延伸查詢new window
8.李弘斌(20140701)。甜心主播上戰場。  延伸查詢new window
9.阿潑(20140715)。亞洲悲願。  延伸查詢new window
10.林偉淑(20140626)。我是狂熱德國迷。  延伸查詢new window
11.林明克(20140716)。世足過後:足球還是外星人運動。  延伸查詢new window
12.卓佳萍(20140620)。美女粉絲團,辣翻世界盃。  延伸查詢new window
13.卓佳萍(20140623)。「我和C羅有一腿」,美臀姐露奶糾纏。  延伸查詢new window
14.卓佳萍(20140707)。德國立即獎賞410萬、女眷同宿。  延伸查詢new window
15.卓佳萍(20140709)。足球學校自力呂桂花盼企業贊助。  延伸查詢new window
16.卓佳萍(20140713)。超級幫夫運勒夫太太出席必勝。  延伸查詢new window
17.洪偵源(20120323)。抱病受訪中華隊一哥嘆臺灣足球沙漠,http://news.cts.com.tw/nownews/sports/201203/201203230964844.html。  延伸查詢new window
18.許秩維(20140721)。媒體使用調查網路影響持續擴大,http://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstNcws/201407210141-1.aspx。  延伸查詢new window
19.詹健全(20140707)。AV女優挺巴西奪冠慰安6小時。  延伸查詢new window
20.陳雍仁(20140704)。800人斬名模邀梅西尬波。  延伸查詢new window
21.彭芸(20050626)。用「抄」不用「跑」的電視新聞。  延伸查詢new window
22.張正邦(20140618)。世足一妓在身搶900億商機。  延伸查詢new window
23.張佑生(20140713)。四年一覺世足夢。  延伸查詢new window
24.黃及人(20140618)。梅克爾變身瘋狂女粉絲。  延伸查詢new window
25.許晉榮(20140701)。世足正妹主播。  延伸查詢new window
26.葉君遠(20140709)。世足正瘋。  延伸查詢new window
27.廖柏璋(20140708)。AV女優挺巴西封王淫戰六網友。  延伸查詢new window
28.黎建忠(20140627)。法停機禁令解除妻女圍場邊吸睛。  延伸查詢new window
29.博頓(20140627)。少女情懷總是C。  延伸查詢new window
30.歐銀釧(20100116)。報紙的生存契機,http://opinions.sinchew.com.my/node/13144。  延伸查詢new window
31.鍾裕能(20140628)。11打10贏不了南韓粉絲痛罵廢人。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Billig, M.(1995)。Flagging the homeland daily。Nationalism。London:Routledge。  new window
2.Hargreaves, J. A.(2003)。Taking men at their games。Sport: Critical concepts in sociology。London:Routledge。  new window
3.Sabo, D.、Jansen, S.(1992)。Images of men in sport media: The social reproduction of the gender order。Men, masculinity, and the media。Newbury Park, California:Sage。  new window
4.Toffoletti, K.、Mewett, P.(2012)。"Oh yes, he is hot" female football fans and the sexual objectification of sportsmen's bodies。Sport and its female fans。London:Routledge。  new window
5.Wenner, L. A.(2010)。From football widow to fan: Web narratives of women and sports spectatorship。Sports fans, identity, and socialization: Exploring the fandemonium。Lanham, Maryland:Lexington Books。  new window
6.Wenner, L. A.(2012)。Reading the commodified female sports fan: Interrogating strategic dirt and characterization in commercial narratives。Sport and its female fans。London:Routledge。  new window
7.Hardin, M.、Whiteside, E.(2011)。How do women talk sports? Women sports fans in a blog community。Sport and its female fans。London:Routledge。  new window
8.Llopis-Goig, R.(2007)。Female football supporters' communities in Spain: A focus on women's Penas。Women, football and Europe: Histories, equity and experience。Aachen, GM:Meyer & Meyer Sport。  new window
9.Mean, L.(2011)。Empowerment through sport? Female fans, women's sport, and the construction of gendered fandom。Sport and its female fans。London:Routledge。  new window
10.Mewett, P.、Toffoletti, K.(2012)。[Sport and its female fans]Introduction。Sport and its female fans。London:Routledge。  new window
11.Obel, C.(2012)。Fantasy, fun and identity construction among female fans of rugby union。Sport and its female fans。London:Routledge。  new window
 
 
 
 
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