本研究目的在探討學生家長之性態度、性溝通行為兩者之間差異性與關聯性；本研究採用問卷調查法，以屏東縣南州鄉一所國中及三所國小的學生家長共460位施測，並以描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關，透過資料統計及分析，所得結論如下：1. 家長在年齡、婚姻狀況、族群、孩子年級等不同的背景與自慰、同性戀、性別角色、整體等性態度層面間，無明顯相關；但在不同的性別、教育程度、職業、宗教等背景上，則達顯著差異。2. 家長在年齡、性別、宗教信仰、族群、職業等不同的背景與談論性議題主題、談論性議題時自在程度、談論性議題頻率等的性溝通行為，無明顯相關；而在不同的教育程度、婚姻狀況、孩子年級等背景上，則達顯著差異。3. 家長的性態度會影響對子女性溝通的行為，其中自慰性態度愈好，愈願意談論性議題，談論時自在感覺也較高，談論頻率也會略為提升。

The purpose of this study was to explore the differences and relevance between sexual attitude of the parents and sexual communication behavior. The questionnaire survey was used in this study. There were 460 students’ parents in one of junior high schools and three of elementary schools in Nanzhou Township in Pingtung County purposely selected to inspect. Finally, the data were based on descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson product moment correlation through data statistics to analyze. The results of the analysis were as follows: 1. The different backgrounds of parents in ＂Age＂, ＂Martial Status＂, ＂Ethnic Groups＂, ＂Children of Different Grades＂ were with no significant correlation with their sexual attitude toward ＂Masturbation＂, ＂Homosexuality＂, ＂Gender Roles＂, and ＂the Overall Situation of Sexualities＂. However, the significant correlations were in ＂Different Genders＂, ＂Education Levels＂, ＂Occupations＂, and ＂Religious Backgrounds＂. 2. The different backgrounds of parents in ＂Age＂, ＂Genders＂, ＂Religious Beliefs＂, ＂Ethnic Groups＂, ＂Occupations＂ were with no significant correlation with the communication behavior in ＂talking about sexual issues＂, ＂feeling comfortable when talking about sexual issues＂, and ＂the frequency to talking about sexual issues＂; nevertheless, the significant correlations were in ＂Different Education Levels＂, ＂Martial Status＂, and ＂Children of Different Grades＂. 3. Sexual attitude of the parents can affect their communication behavior to their children. Wherein the better attitude to masturbation, the more willing to talk about sexual issues they had, and the more comfortable feeling there were when talking about it. Then, the frequency to talk about it was slightly increased.