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題名：情緒調節在特質與情緒間中介效應模型的年齡差異
書刊名：心理學報
作者：羅利／黃敏兒
出版日期：2016
卷期：2016(11)
頁次：1455-1466
主題關鍵詞：認知重評；表情抑制；神經質；外傾；正負情緒；年齡發展；Reappraisal；Suppression；Neuroticism；Extraversion；Emotion；Aging
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研究采用EPQ、ERQ及PANAS收集了青年、中年及老年三個年齡組共870份有效數據,分析了認知重評和表情抑制在外傾和神經質與正負情緒之間中介效應及發展模型差異。主要結果:(1)外傾-正情緒,神經質-負情緒之間存在高相關。(2)與青年組和老年組比,中年組的神經質與負情緒的相關最弱。(3)三個年齡組的認知重評在神經質與負情緒之間都存在顯著的中介效應,中介效應值在中年組為最強。(4)表情抑制在外傾與正負情緒之間顯著的中介效應僅出現在中年組。研究分析,認知重評和表情抑制是減弱特質-情緒之間密切度的有效調節機制。
How does emotion regulation influence the developmental mechanism of personality and emotion? A large number of studies indicate that personality traits such as extraversion and neuroticism are closely correlated with positive & negative emotion. Emotion regulation is defined as the changing of emotional processes enfolding in multiple domains(such as physiology, expressive behaviors, cognitive & emotional subjective experiences) that happens due to the application of any cognitive or behavioral regulatory strategies. Two basic strategies of emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression of emotions, may moderate emotional responding and facilitate emotional & social adaptation. The present study aims to investigate how emotion regulation mediates the prediction between personality traits and positive & negative emotion and also how age moderates the correlations among traits, emotion regulation, and emotions. This study measured traits, cognitive reappraisal & suppression, and positive & negative emotion by EPQ, ERQ and PANAS in a sample of 870 participants that fall into three age groups: youth, middle age and the elderly. The research adopted SPSS 17.0 and Amos 17.0 to explore the correlation and mediated pathways & construction among traits(extraversion & neuroticism), emotion regulation(cognitive reappraisal & suppression) and positive & negative emotion, and then compared the differences in the structured equation models among three age groups. The results indicated that:(1) Extraversion strongly predicted positive emotion, and neuroticism strongly predicted negative emotion.(2) As age increases, the degree of neuroticism, positive & negative emotion all showed reducing tendencies; degree of extraversion remained stable; but suppression exhibited an increasing tendency;(3) Age moderated the mediated models among traits, regulatory strategies and positive & negative emotion. The correlation between neuroticism and negative emotion was the weakest one in the middle age group as it compared with those in youth and the elderly group. Meanwhile, the mediating role(which shows in effect size of mediation) of cognitive reappraisal between neuroticism and negative emotion reached the strongest point in the middle age group as compared with the other two age groups. In addition, mediated effects of suppression between extraversion and positive & negative emotion reached significantly only in middle age group. This study suggests that cognitive reappraisal & suppression of emotional behaviors may buffer the strongly correlates between traits(e.g., neuroticism & extraversion) and negative & positive emotion. The mediated effect of emotion regulation between traits & emotions may reach strongest in middle age. Emotion regulation would play an important role in personality development.
期刊論文
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會議論文
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圖書論文
1.Charles, S. T.、Carstensen, L. L.(2007)。Emotion regulation and aging。Handbook of emotion regulation。New York, NY：Guilford Press。  new window
2.Ochsner, K. N.、Gross, J. J.(2014)。The neural bases of emotion and emotion regulation: A valuation perspective。Handbook of emotion regulation。New York, NY：Guilford。  new window
 
 
 
 
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