采用面孔圖片啟動不同的情緒,在青年人和老年人兩組被試中考察積極、消極和中性情緒,以及不同情緒和年齡之間的交互作用對口語產生年老化的影響。要求青年組和老年組被試在不同的情緒啟動條件下對圖片進行命名。結果顯示,與積極和中性情緒相比,消極情緒顯著地延長了青年人和老年人口語產生的潛伏期;與青年人相比,消極情緒對老年人的影響更大。結果表明,隨著年齡的增長,消極情緒對口語產生的抑制作用更強,這提示老年人應該在生活中盡量保持愉悅心情。

The present study investigated the effects of different emotional status(negative,positive and neutral) in spoken word production for young and older speakers.The emotional statuses were elicited by negative,positive,and neutral face images.Behavioral data indicated that compared to the neutral and the positive emotions,the negative emotion inhibits picture-naming latencies in both groups.In comparison with the young speakers,the magnitude of inhibition effect in the negative emotion condition was more in the older than in the young.The findings showed that there was an aging effect of negative emotion in speech production,and thus provide support for the weak connection between semantics and phonology in older speakers.