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題名：臺灣上市電子公司大陸投資佈局與經營績效之關聯性分析
作者：顏怡音
作者(外文)：YEN,YI-YIN
校院名稱：國立臺北大學
系所名稱：會計學系
指導教授：薛富井
黃恆獎
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2005
主題關鍵詞：上市電子公司；國際化；大陸投資佈局；績效；Electronic Companies Listed in Taiwan；Internationalization；Investment Configuration；Performance
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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隨著國際化之風潮，與中國大陸新興經濟體之崛起，國際化與大陸投資對公司績效之影響為何，成為眾所矚目之焦點。過去學者普遍以美、日等先進國家之MNCs作為研究之焦點，結果發現MNCs國際化程度與績效間，呈線性正向或負向；非線性U型或倒U型等分歧結果。鑑此，Contractor et al.(2003)及Lu and Beamish(2004)乃提出國際擴張之三階段理論，亦即國際化程度與公司之經營績效，呈S型曲線關係。本研究乃引申其論述，並進一步檢測臺灣上市電子公司國際化程度(含廣度及深度)/大陸投資程度(含廣度及深度)與經營績效間，是否亦呈S型曲線關係。此外，創造公司專屬資源之行銷及研發密集度、因策略連結或網路結合所產生之產業群聚效果、及因產銷商品涉及侵權行為所引發之潛在交易風險等，其對公司績效之影響為何，亦一併探討。
實證結果發現，臺灣上市電子公司國際化程度(含廣度及深度)與經營績效，係呈倒S型曲線關係，與前述學者針對先進國家所作之研究，呈S型曲線關係迥異，推測原因可能為，臺灣上市電子公司係屬新興工業國家/開發中國家之MNCs，與國際大廠之MNCs在規模大小、組織彈性等本質上不同，以及海外投資之動機有別所致。至大陸投資廣度與其對母公司績效之貢獻，呈S型曲線關係，推測受到中國大陸法制施行與其電子業發展戰略所牽引；惟大陸投資深度與其對母公司績效之貢獻，則呈倒S型曲線關係，推測受海外投資之不同動機所影響。而行銷及研發支出之效益，可能具有遞延效果；另產業群聚於華東地區可產生策略互動、規模經濟、知識及技術外溢效果等綜效，惟群聚於華南地區則相反。至涉及侵權行為所產生之潛在交易風險，對公司績效會產生不利之影響。
整體而言，臺灣上市電子公司宜配合國際化/大陸投資之不同階段，調整其尋求資源、效率、市場及策略性資產等目標，並適時評估各海外子公司應否繼續投入資源或及時撤出，以有效分配公司資源。且經由市場資訊之蒐集，學習障礙之克服，取得知識knowhow，並妥適運用公司之學習經驗及管理之專門技術等策略性資產，從事整合產業價值鏈等高附加價值之活動，進而提升公司之核心競爭優勢與經營績效。
Following the advent of internationalization, as well as the boom of China’s economic development, internationalization and investment in China have been considered as two key benchmarks to evaluate a company’s performance. In the past, a number of studies primarily chose American and Japanese MNCs as their research subjects. They discovered that the relationship between the degree of internationalization and performance of MNCs turns to be linearly positive or negative, with an U shaped or inverted U shaped relationships. Based on the consequence, Contractor et al. (2003), and Lu and Beamish (2004) proclaimed the three-stage theory in international expansion, by proving a relationship between the degree of internationalization and performance to show an S curve. The research adopts this philosophy, in an attempt to investigate whether the relationship between the degree of internationalization (breadth degree and depth degree)/the degree of China investment (breadth degree and depth degree) and performance of Electronic Companies Listed in Taiwan leads to an S curve. In addition, the research also tries to explore the other factors which may influence on the corporations’ performance, like the marketing and research intensity, the industrial clustering effect, as well as the potential transaction risks from marketing products involved in infringement.
The empirical result locates a fact that the relationship between the degree of internationalization and operating performance of Electronic Companies Listed in Taiwan should be a inverted S curve. This finding is quite different from the previous studies done before, with an S curve. The consequence may be subject to a possibility that Electronic Companies Listed in Taiwan are categorized as newly industrialized MNCs, relatively smaller and different from those western counterparts, in terms of company size, organization characteristics, plus different motivation in overseas investment. As to the contribution of the breadth degree of China investment to the parental company’s performance, it comes out to be an S curve. This may be possibly resulting from the Chinese government’s political and industrial development strategies. For the contribution by China investment’s depth degree to the parental company, it shows an inverted S curve. This matter may be a result from the impacts of different motivations in different foreign investments. For the benefits of marketing and research expenditure, they may have deferred effects. In addition, for those industries gathering in the eastern part of China could achieve some synergies, including scale of economies, knowledge and technological spillovers. However, there is no such synergy occurred in the southern part of China. With reference to the potential transaction risks involved in infringement, they could generate negative impacts on the parental company.
In conclusion, Electronic Companies Listed in Taiwan are encouraged to follow suits to accommodate the different stages of internationalization/China investment, to adjust their objectives in resource seeking, efficiency seeking, market seeking and strategic asset seeking. In addition, by making proper evaluations about continuing or discontinuing their overseas investments, they are able to allocate their resources effectively. In the meantime, they could be in a position to collect market information, and get rid of learning obstacles, to procure knowledge know-how. By gaining learning experiences and management expertise, they are also able to engage in higher value-added operations, to enhance company’s core competence and magnify performance.
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