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題名:聖之時者--孟子心目中的孔子
書刊名:鵝湖學誌
作者:林憶芝
作者(外文):Lam, Yik Chi
出版日期:2000
卷期:24
頁次:頁1-40
主題關鍵詞:孔子孟子仁義道德原則權變聖之時者聖之清者聖之任者聖之和者ConfuciusMenciusBenevolence and righteousnessThe moral principleConditional flexibilityThe sage of timelinessThe sage who of high-mindednessThe sage of responsibilityThe sage of harmony
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     孟子謂「自生民以來,未有盛於孔子也」,而孟子一生的願望就是向孔子學習。在孟子的心目中,孔子是聖中之聖,是一位能夠因應時變以行仁義的聖人。本文主要以《孟子》為根本,參考《論語》有關資料,把孟子心目中的孔子形象呈現於讀者面前。  孟子說:「可以仕則仕,可以止則止,可以久則久,可以速則速」,不論仕止久速,孔子的一切行為,都合乎仁義原則的。在〈萬章下〉第一章,孟子更以伯夷、伊尹和柳下惠作對比,由此而突顯孔子的精神面貌。在孟子的心目中,孔子就是仁義的化身,既能行仁義,又能適應時世,因事制宜,所以稱為「聖之時者」。
     "Ever since human existence, nobody has ever been greater than Confucius."---Mencius: Mencius. Mencius' life-long aspiration was to follow the example of Confucius. In Mencius' perception, Confucius was the sage who acted according to circumstances at all times. His actions showed benevolence and righteousness, and always complied with the moral principle. This article aims at portraying Mencius' perception of Confucius, using Mencius as the foundation, and with reference to Lun Yu. In chapter 10, article no.1 of Mencius, Mencius described Confucius'philosophies and spirituality, which were in contrast with that of Po Yi (the sage who of high-mindedness), Yi Yin (the sage of responsibility) and Liu Hsia Hui (the sage of harmony). Mencius explained that Confucius was synonymous with kindness, generosity and justice. It was the goodness and fairness of his actions, and the appropriateness of such actions that made him "the sage of timeliness".
圖書
1.錢穆(199003)。四書釋義。四書釋義。臺北:學生書局。  延伸查詢new window
2.孟軻。孟子。  延伸查詢new window
3.商務印書館(1984)。辭源。辭源。香港。  延伸查詢new window
4.朱子。四書集註。  延伸查詢new window
5.唐君毅(1973)。中國哲學原論:原道篇。香港:新亞書院研究所。  延伸查詢new window
6.左丘明、陳福林、顧寶田(199508)。左氏春秋譯注。吉林:長春:吉林文史出版社。  延伸查詢new window
7.楊國榮(1994)。善的歷程--儒家價值體系的歷史衍化及其現代轉換。上海:上海人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
8.孟軻、趙岐、焦循、沈文倬(1987)。孟子正義。北京:中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
9.牟宗三(1984)。時代與感受。鵝湖出版社。  延伸查詢new window
10.朱熹(1983)。四書章句集注。中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
11.牟宗三(1985)。圓善論。臺灣學生書局。  延伸查詢new window
12.史次耘(1989)。孟子今註今譯。臺北:台灣商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
13.陳奇猷(1974)。韓非子。韓非子。上海。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.(1983)。孔子家語注,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
2.(西漢)司馬遷(1959)。史記,北京。  延伸查詢new window
3.(清)翟灝。考異。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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