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題名：我國高一學生的問題解決能力與其科學過程技能之相關性研究
書刊名：科學教育學刊
作者：張俊彥／翁玉華
作者(外文)：Chang, Chun-yen／Weng, Yu-hua
出版日期：2000
卷期：8:1
頁次：頁35-55
主題關鍵詞：中等教育；問題解決能力；科學過程技能；Secondary education；Problem-solving ability；Science-process skills
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(14) 博士論文(7) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:13
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:191
　　　　　本研究的目的在探究目前我國高中生的問題解決能力以及其與科學過程技能之相 關性。研究對象為就讀於臺北縣市四所高中之153位高一學生。本研究採用相關研究法的 實驗設計（correlation design）來試著了解學生之問題解決能力與其科學過程技能之間的相 關性；並輔以半結構式（semi-structural）的晤談方式，來深入探究高一學生問題解決能力 的特質。「問題解決能力測驗」、「科學過程技能測驗」、與「腳印化石晤談工具」等 三項為本研究使用之評量工具。量的分析方式為皮爾遜積差相關及T考驗，而質的分析方 面則引用Flander's system的分析模式。量化研究結果發現：高一學生之問題解決能力與其 科學過程技能的表現達顯著之中度相關（r=0.35~0.57，p<.01），且高、低問題解決能力不 同者在解釋資料、觀察、及形成假設等科學過程技能表現上皆有顯著的差異（p<.01）。 質性數據分析結果亦顯示：問題解決高、低能力不同者在「問題解決的思考流程」上有顯 著的不同。據此，研究者建議科學的教學應融入問題解決活動與科學過程技能的運用，使 學生藉由探究活動的過程，提昇他們的問題解決能力。
　　　　　 The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between tenth-grade students' problem-solving ability and their science-process skills. The sample consisted of 153 tenth-grade students enrol1ed at four senior high schools in the Taipei area. The investigations employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative methods utilized correlation statistics to determine the relationship between these two abilities while the qualitative methods involved semi-structured interviews to explore the relationships in more depth. The Problem-Solving Ability Test (PSAT), Science-Process Skills Test (SPST), and the Footprint Fossil Interviewing Question were used to assess students' respective ability and skills. The Pearson product-moment correlation and t test were used to examine data quantitatively while the Flander's system was employed to analyze qualitative data. Quantitative analyses indicated that a significant correlation existed between students' problem-solving ability and their science-process skills (r=0.35~0.57, p< .01). In addition, significant mean differences were found on the students' skills of data interpretation, observation, and hypothesis formulation between higher-ability and lower-ability problem solvers (p< .01). Moreover, the qualitative analyses revealed that higher-ability problem solvers performed better on problem solving processes than lower-ability problem solvers. The results suggest that incorporating problem-solving activities and science-process skills into instruction might be used as a primary vehicle to improve students'problem-solving abilities.
Other
1.Saunders, W.; Shepardson, D. P.(1987)。A comparison of concrete and formal science instruction upon science achievement and reasoning ability of sixth grade students。  new window
2.Gage, B. A.(1986)。An analysis of problem solving processes used in college chemistry quantitative Equilibrium problems。  new window
期刊論文
1.Champagne, A. B.、Klopfer, L. E.(1981)。Problem solving as outcome and method in science teaching: Insights from 60 years of experience。School Science and Mathematics，81(1)，3-8。  new window
2.Chi, M. T. H.、Feltovich, P. J.、Glaser, R.(1981)。Categorization and representation of physics problems by experts and novices。Cognitive Science，5(2)，121-152。  new window
3.Omasta, E.、Lunetta, V. N.(1988)。Exploring functions: A strategy for teaching physics concepts and problem solving。Science Education，72(5)，625-636。  new window
4.Isaksen, Scott G.、Parnes, Sidney J.(1985)。Curriculum planning for creative thinking and problem solving。The Journal of Creative Behavior，19(1)，1-29。  new window
圖書
1.Borich, G. D.(1990)。Observation skills for effective teaching。Columbus, Ohio：Merrill。  new window
2.Kahney, H.(1993)。Problem solving: Current issues。Open University Press。  new window
3.教育部(1995)。高級中學課程標準。台北：教育部。  延伸查詢new window
4.Ausubel, David Paul(1968)。Educational Psychology: a cognitive view。New York：Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.。  new window
5.Treffinger, D. J.、Isaksen, S. G.、Dorval, K. B.(1992)。Creative Problem Solving--An Introduction。Buffalo：Center for Creative Learning。  new window
6.American Association for the Advancement of Science(1993)。Benchmarks for science literacy。Oxford University Press。  new window
其他
1.Bowen, C. W.; Bodner, G. M.(1991)。Problem-solving processes used by students in organic synthesis。  new window
2.Champagne, A. B.; Klopfer, L .E.(1977)。A sixty-year perspective on three issues in science education: I whose ideas are dominant? II representation of women III reflective thinking and problem solving。  new window
3.Chang, C. Y.; Barufaldi, J. P.(1999)。The use of a problem solving based instructional model in initiating change in students, achievement and alternative frameworks。  new window
4.Chang, C. Y.; Mao, S. L.(1999)。Comparison of Taiwan science students’ outcomes with inquiry-group versus traditional nstruction。  new window
5.Chiappetta, E. L.; Russell, J. M.(1982)。The relationship among logical thinking, problem solving instruction, and knowledge and application of earth science subject matter。  new window
6.Diane, J. S.(1986)。Protocol analysis of aptitude differences figural analogy problem representation。  new window
7.Earth Science Curriculum Project(1964)。Investigating the earth – laboratory manual。  new window
8.Geban, O.; Askar, P.; Ozkan, I.(1992)。Effects of computer simulations and problem-solving approaches on high school students。  new window
9.Greenfield, E.(1987)。Teaching thinking through problem solving。  new window
10.Henkel, E. T.(1968)。Undergraduate physics instruction and critical thinking ability。  new window
11.Holley, D.(1996)。Sciencewise: discovering scientific process through problem solving: Book 1。  new window
12.Mattheis, F. E.; Nakayama, G.(1988)。Development of the performance of process skills (POPS) test for middle grades students。  new window
13.Mulopo, M. M.; Fowler, H. S.(1987)。Effects of traditional and discovery instruction approaches on learning outcomes for learners of different intellectual development. A study of chemistry students in Zambia。  new window
14.Parnes, S. J.(1977)。CPSⅠ: The general system。  new window
15.Presseisen, B. Z.(198604)。Critical Thinking and Thinking Skills: State of the Art Definitions and Practice in Public Schools。  new window
16.Russell, J. M.; Chiappetta, E. L.(1981)。The effects of a problem solving strategy on the achievement of earth science students。  new window
17.Slack, S. J.; Stewart, J.(1990)。High school students' problem-solving performance on realistic genetics problems。  new window
18.Thorsland, M.(1980)。The identification and significance of intuition analytical problem solving approaches among college physics students。  new window
19.Tobin, K. G.; Capie, W.(1980)。Teaching process skills in the middle school。  new window
20.Torrance, E. P.(1973)。Needed Research on Creativity. A Special Report of the USOESponsored Grant Study: Critical Appraisal of Research in the Personality-Emotions-Motivation Domain。  new window
21.Torrance, E. P.(1976)。Creativity testing in education。  new window
22.Wesney, J.(1977)。An analysis of the influence of prior cognitive development in physics and in mathematical reasoning on concept attainment in the study of mechanics in introductory college。  new window
23.Yager, R. E.; Tamir, P.(1994)。STS approach: Reason, intentions, accomplishments, and outcomes。  new window
 
 
 
 
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