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題名：社會運動的網絡分析與思考
書刊名：國家與社會
作者：馬財專 引用關係／余珮瑩
作者(外文)：Ma, Tsai-chuan／Yu, Pei-ying
出版日期：2009
卷期：6
頁次：頁201-235
主題關鍵詞：組織網絡；資源動員；前運動網絡；社會資本；Organizational network；Resource mobilization；Pre-mobilization network；Social capitals
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:26
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早期社會運動中的相關研究多從制度結構與政治經濟的角 度分析社會運動對於社會變遷發展所產生的作用。時至今日， 當越來越多元（包含運動目標與組織規模等）的組織或個體跨 越了政治藩籬，進而介入社會運動的場域之中，此現象便開啟 了群體透過集體行動的模式對整體不平等結構的具體挑戰。台 灣目前社會運動的發展狀況，誠如 McAdam等人（1996）所提出 政治系統的壓迫對於社會運動的影響可能因為其所訴求的議題， 進而激發了多元組織型態的興起。因此，在現代社會運動的發展 過程中，組織彼此之間在議題疆界之毀壞及組織結盟穿透的現象 也隨之普遍。 本文初步討論台灣社會組織在制度抗爭與議題參與運動過程 的發展，透過網絡分析的方法探討組織間存在網絡關係模式的適 用性。在政策的議題及重大法令制訂發展過程中所形成的運動網 絡，這些網絡模態對於社會運動組織長期發展所產生的影響性考 察，將有助於釐清組織發展的過程與限制。在方法的操作上，透 過互補式質化與量化網絡方法進行資料的蒐集與分析，將有助於 複雜組織網絡的發展與組織在整體的行動結構所呈現的樣態。本 文討論運動組織的考察必須強化成員之（內部組織）前運動網絡 及其社會資本與（外部環境）網路資訊政治形成的討論。並透過 對組織在議題及法令制訂過程所形成運動網絡的耙梳，將可進一步勾勒出社會運動組織參與者前運動網絡的基石對於未來運動組 織網絡連結所可能承載與扮演的角色機制。藉由行動者個體透過 何種方式及機制如何來建構從個人到組織在網絡關係特質的串 連，得以更清楚的描繪出台灣組織運動網絡的結構狀態，並進一 步釐清社會運動發展所存在的內部與外部侷限。
Earlier relevant researches concentrate on analyzing the function of social movements in social change from the aspects of institutional structure and political economy. In the present, more diverse social organizations or individuals (including movement goal and organization scales) cross the political gaps and entered the field of social movements. This phenomenon will generate the challenges which emerged from the rising empowerment of social organizations in patriarchal unfair system. As McAdam (1996) mentioned that the pressure of political system will influence the diverse issues in the process of social movements and will create the construction of diverse organizational patterns. As the result, mutual crossing of boundaries and alliance penetration have become popular. This study attempts to discuss the development of social organization in the progress of system resistance and issue participating movement; discuss the appropriateness of network mode through network analysis. The movement network formed during the development process of policy issues and major laws have significant influence on the long-term development of social movement organization. The examination of such network will help us to understand the progress and limitation on organizational development. The combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis will help to map out the network structure of leaders of social organization in the process of specific policy issues or laws. The examination of movement organization in this study needs to reinforce the discussion among pre-movement network of the members (international organization), the social capital and network information politics (external environment). Through the understanding of the movement network formed during the establishment of issues and laws, this study describes the potential role and mechanism of social movement participant network on future movement organization network linkages. From how an individual link to the features of network, we can define the organizational structure of movement network of Taiwanese organization and clarify the external and internal limitation of social movement development.
期刊論文
1.Doug McAdam、Ronelle Paulsen(1993)。Specifying the Relationship between Social Ties and Social Activism。American Journal of Sociology，99(3)，640-667。  new window
2.Emirbayer, M.、Goodwin, J.(1994)。Network Analysis, Culture, and the Problems of Agency。AJS，99(6)，1411-1454。  new window
3.Marsden, Peter V.(1983)。Restricted access in networks and models of power。American Journal of Sociology，88(4)，686-717。  new window
4.林鶴玲、鄭陸霖(20010600)。臺灣社會運動網路經驗：一個探索性的分析。臺灣社會學刊，25，111-156。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.Mizruchi, M. S.(1996)。What do interlocks do? An analysis, critique, and assessment of research on interlocking directorates。Annual Review of Sociology，22(1)，271-298。  new window
6.Burt, R. S.(1997)。The Contigent Value of Social Capital。Administrative Science Quarterly，42(2)，339-365。  new window
7.林南(1999)。Social Networks and Status Attainment。Annual Review of Sociology，25(1)，467-487。  new window
8.Granovetter, Mark S.(1985)。Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness。American Journal of Sociology，91(3)，481-510。  new window
9.Bearman, Peter S.、Everett, Kevin D.(1993)。The Structure of Social Protest, 1961-1983。Social Networks，15(2)，171-200。  new window
10.Burt, R. S.(1976)。Position in Multiple Network System: Stratification and Prestige among Elite Decision-Making in Community of Altneustdt。Social Force，56 (2)，550-575。  new window
11.Burt, R. S.(1990)。Detecting Role Equivalence。Social Networks，12(1)，83-97。  new window
12.Diani, M.(1990)。The Network Structure of the Italian Ecology Movement。Social Science Information，29，5-31。  new window
13.Diani, M.(1992)。The Concept of Social Movement。Sociological Review，40，1-25。  new window
14.Gerlach, L.(1971)。Movements of Revolutionary Change: Some Structural Characteristics。American Behavioral Scientist，43，813-836。  new window
15.Granovetter, M.(1976)。Network Sampling: Some First Steps。AJS，81，1287-1303。  new window
16.Hathaway, W.、Meyer, D. S.(1993)。Competition and Cooperation in Social Movement Coalitions: Lobbying for Peace in the 1980s。Berkeley Journal of Sociology: A Critical Review，38，157-183。  new window
17.Knoke, D.(1992)。Networks of Elite Structure and Decision-Making。Sociological Methods & Research，22，23-45。  new window
18.Knoke, D.(1992)。Structure and Decision-Making。Sociological Methods and Research，22，23-45。  new window
19.Laumann, E. O.、Knoke, D.、Kim, Yong-Hak(1985)。State Policy Formation。ASR，50，1-19。  new window
20.Marsden, P. V.(1981)。Introducing Influence Processes into a System of Collective Decision。AJS，86，1203-1235。  new window
21.Offe, C.(1985)。New Social Movements: Changing Boundaries of the Political Structure。Social Research，52，817-868。  new window
22.Oliver, P.(1984)。”If You Don’t Do it。Nobody Else Will Active and Token Contribution to Local Collective Action，49，601-610。  new window
23.Portes, A.(1998)。Social Capital: Its Origin and Applications in Modern Sociology。Annual Review of Sociology，24，1-24。  new window
24.Zald, M. N.、McCarthy, J. D.(1980)。Social Movement Industries: Competition and Cooperation among Movement Organizations。Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change，1(3)，1-20。  new window
25.Diani, M.(1997)。Social Movements and Social Capital: A Network Perspective on Movement Outcomes。Mobilization，2，129-147。  new window
26.Emirbayer, Mustafa、Sheller, Mimi(1998)。Publics in History。Theory and Society，27(6)，727-779。  new window
會議論文
1.徐進鈺、陳冠甫(1990)。台灣社會運動之社會學分析--以住宅運動為例。台北。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Knoke, D.、Pappi, F. U.、Broadbent, J.、Tsujinaka, Y.(1996)。Comparing Policy Networks: Labor Politics in the U. S., Germany, and Japan。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.Galaskiewicz, J.(1979)。Exchange Networks and Community Politics。New York：Academic Press。  new window
3.Diani, Mario、McAdam, Doug(2003)。Social Movements and Networks: Relational Approaches to Collective Action。Oxford University Press。  new window
4.Burt, R. S.(1982)。Toward a Structural Theory of Action。New York：Academic Press。  new window
5.Eyerman, Ron、Jamision, Andrew(1991)。Social Movements: A Cognitive Approach。University Park, Pennsylvania：Pennsylvania State University Press。  new window
6.Melucci, A.(1996)。Challenging Codes。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
7.Franzosi, Roberto(1995)。The Puzzle of Strikes: Class and State Strategies in Postwar Italy。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
8.Knoke, D.(1991)。Political Networks: The Structure Perspective。New York, NY：Cambridge University Press。  new window
9.McAdam, Doug、McCarthy, John D.、Zald, Mayer N.(1996)。Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements: Political Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures, and Cultural Framings。Cambridge University Press。  new window
10.Lin, Nan、Cook, Karen、Burt, Ronald S.(2001)。Social Capital--Theory and Research。New York, NY：Aldine De Gruyter Press。  new window
11.Knoke, David、Kuklinski, James H.(1982)。Network analysis: Basic concepts。Sage Publications Ltd.。  new window
12.Wasserman, Stanley、Galaskiewicz, Joseph(1994)。Advances in Social Network Analysis: Research in the Social and Behavioral Sciences。Sage。  new window
13.Wasserman, Stanley、Faust, Katherine(1994)。Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications。Cambridge University Press。  new window
14.Tilly, Charles(1978)。From Mobilization to Revolution。Michigan：Addison-Wesley。  new window
15.Castells, Manuel、Himanen, Pekka(2002)。The Information Society and The Welfare State: The Finnish Model。Oxford University Press。  new window
16.Laumann, Edward O.、Pappi, Franz Urban(1976)。Networks of Collective Action: A Perspective on Community Influence Systems。New York：Academic Press。  new window
17.Della Porta, Donatella、Diani, Mario(1999)。Social Movements: An Introduction。Oxford：Blackwell。  new window
18.Klandermans, Bert(1997)。The Social Psychology of Protest。Oxford：Blackwell。  new window
19.Bell, D.(1973)。The Coming of the Post-Industrial Society: a Venture in Social Forecasting。New York：Basic Books。  new window
20.何明修(2005)。社會運動概論。臺北：三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
21.林南(2001)。Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action。Cambridge University Press。  new window
22.Putnam, Robert D.、Leonardi, Robert、Nanetti, Raffaella Y.(1993)。Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy。Princeton University Press。  new window
23.Burt. R. S(1998)。Personaility Correlates of structural Holes。Power and Influence in Organisations。Thousand Oaks。  new window
24.Diani, M.(1995)。Green Networks: A Structural Analysis of the Itlian Environmental Movement。Edinburgh。  new window
25.Diani, M.(2002)。Network Analysis。Methods in Social Movement Research。Minneapolis。  new window
26.Osa, M.(2003)。Solidarity and Contention: The Networks of Polish Opposition, 1954-1981。Minneapolis。  new window
27.Laumann, E、Knoke, D.(1987)。The Organisational State。Madison。  new window
28.Randall, V.(1982)。Women and Politics。London。  new window
29.Randall, V、Waylen, G.(1998)。Gender, Politics and the State。London。  new window
30.Scott, John(2000)。Social Ndtwork Analysis。London。  new window
31.Wellman, B.、Berkowitz, S. D.(1988)。Social Structure: A Network Approach。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
32.Melucci, A(1994)。A Strange Kind of Newness: What's New in New Scoial Movements。New Social Movements. From Ideology to Identity。Philadelphia。  new window
33.Hampton, K. N.、Wellman, B.(2002)。The not so Global Village of Netville。The Internet in everyday life。Oxford。  new window
34.Johnston, H.(1994)。New Social Movements and Old Regional Nationalism。New Social Movements. From Ideology to Identity。Philadelphia。  new window
35.Klandermans, B.、Tarrow, S.(1988)。Mobilization into Social Movements Synthesizing European and American Approaches。From Structure to Action。CT。  new window
36.Knoke, D.、Nancy, W.(1990)。Social Movements。Social Movements。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
37.Passy, F.(2003)。Social Networks Matterr. But How?。Social Movements and Networks: Relational Approaches to Collective Action。New York。  new window
38.Rucht, D.(1996)。The Impact of National Contexts on Social Movements Structure。Comparative Perspective on Social Movements. Political Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures and Cultural Framing。Cambridge。  new window
39.Stokman, F. N.、Wasseur, F. W.(1985)。National Networks in 1976: A Structural Comparison。Networks of Corporate Power. A Comparative Analysis of Ten Countries。Oxford。  new window
40.Taylor, V、Whittier, N.(1992)。Collective Identity in Social Movement Communities: Lesbian Feminist Mobilization。Frontiers in Social Movement Theory。New Haven。  new window
其他
1.徐進鈺(1989)。大師「入侵」台北--都市社會運動與曼紐‧卡斯提爾。  延伸查詢new window
2.范雲(2004)。社會運動與民進黨的關係轉化，http://dispatch2.blogspot.com/2005/01/2004_01.html。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Fernandez, R.、McAdam, D.(1989)。Multiorganizational Fields and Recruitment to Social Movements。Organizing for Change: Social Movement Organizations in Europe and the Unites States。Greenwich, Conn.：JAI。  new window
2.Snow, David A.、Benford, Robert D.(1988)。Ideology, frame resonance and participant mobilization。From Structure to Action: Social Movement Participation Across Cultures。Greenwich, CT：London：JAP Press。  new window
3.Friedman, Debra、McAdam, Doug(1992)。Collective Identity and Activism: Networks, Choices, and the Life of a Social Movement。Frontiers in Social Movement Theory。Yale University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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