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題名:社區行動的菁英參與和社會資本
作者:吳宗仁
作者(外文):Tsung-jen Wu
校院名稱:國立中山大學
系所名稱:中山學術研究所
指導教授:李天賞
蔡明哲
翁嘉禧
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2006
主題關鍵詞:社會資本社會網絡社區行動社區菁英social networksocial capitalcommunity elitecommunity action
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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摘要
本論文的研究問題是以社會資本論為理論基礎,社區行動作為社會資本論理論命題驗證的產出。研究的目的乃在探討鄉村社區菁英的社會資本以及社會資本在社區行動參與上的應用與影響。在分析的策略上,是以社區角色作為指標,測量鄉村社區菁英在社會資本程度以及社區行動參與程度的差異。
在操作的部分,社會資本是以兩個面向來測量,包括人脈關係、社會網絡以及由認識、信任和支持所形成的社區網絡橋樑者的社會資本。社區行動參與程度的測量則是以社區發展為議題的社區行動為依變項,以社區角色作為自變項,測量鄉村社區菁英在社區行動參與程度的差異。
本研究以高雄都會區邊緣三個鄉村社區—大社鄉、仁武鄉及燕巢鄉為研究區域,共成功施測76個鄉村社區菁英樣本。並且,以社區角色為指標區分鄉村社區菁英為鄉公所主管、地方民選首長、中小學校長、社會團體負責人及社區發展協會理事長五類進行比較分析。
本論文的研究發現主要可以分成四個部分:第一、鄉村社區菁英在社會網絡的社會資本這個面向的測量結果顯示因社區角色的不同而有所差異,以地方民選首長表現最佳;第二、不同社區角色的鄉村社區菁英在參與社區行動的程度有部分差異,但整體社區行動參與狀況則無顯著差異;第三、社會網絡是一種社會資本的形式,但是要成為社會資本的形式必須要有行動的配合讓社會網絡成為一個可流動的資源。並且,運用社會網絡作為社會資本影響社區行動,則會因社區角色的不同而有所差異;第四、鄉村社區菁英對社區橋樑者的社區菁英的認識、信任與支持會影響鄉村社區菁英社區行動的參與,亦即社區橋樑者所具備的社會資本會影響鄉村社區菁英社區行動參與的程度。
關鍵字:社會資本 社區角色 社會網絡 社區行動 社區菁英
Abstract
This study is based on social capital theory and we made used of the concept of community action as the output of the proposition of social capital theory. The purposes of the study are to discuss rural community elites’ social capital and the application of social capital theory in the participation of community action. In the strategies of analysis, we used community role as an indicator to measure the level of social capital and the participation of community action, and then present the differentiation of rural community elites.
In practice operation, social capital could be measuring with two dimensions, including social tie, social network and the social capital of the bridge role (cognitions, trust, and support). The measurement of the participation of community action is based on the concept of community development. And we made use of the indicator—community role to measure the differentiation of rural community elites participation in community action.
This study was conducted in three rural communities in the edge of Kaohsiung Metropolitan—Tashe town, Jenwu town, and Yenchao town.76 valid samples were surveyed .We also made use of the community role as an indicator to separate the rural community elites into five categories, as a comparison and analysis. And this includes: the township office administrators, the local representative, primary school principles, the leaders of social groups, and the directors of community development association.
There are four main findings in this study: First, the results to experiment shows that there are some differentiations between the community role of rural community elites in the concepts of social network and the social capital, especially it expressed significantly on the local representative.
Second, there are some differentiations when the rural community elites take part in different extent of their community action. But there is no differentiation between the participation of the whole community action.
Third, social network is a form of social capital. However, in order to become a form of social capital must work with actions. It causes resources mobility in social network. Also, there will be some differentiations between the community roles if it makes use of social network as social capital by affecting community action.
The final one, as the cognitions, trust, and support to the bridge roles of the community by rural community elites, causes their participation of community action. In other words, the social capital owned by the bridge roles affects the degree of rural community elites’ participation of community action.
Keyword: social capital, community elite, social network, community action
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