本研究目的在探討家庭物理環境和心理社會環境因素對幼兒運動能力的差異情形。本研究方法以臺北縣立案公私立幼稚園53所的幼兒及其家長，共1,220位為研究對象，先請家長填寫「幼兒家庭環境與運動能力調查表」，並對幼兒實施運動能力測驗。所得的資料運用單因子變異數分析及t考驗等統計方法分析。研究結果發現：一、家庭運動器材項目較多的幼兒，在爆發力、敏捷性、協調性、肌耐力及速度的運動能力表現較優。二、家庭附近有安全運動遊戲場所的幼兒，在平衡性、爆發力、敏捷性、肌耐力、及速度的運動能力表現較優。三、手足人數3位以上的幼兒，在平衡性、爆發力、敏捷性、肌耐力及速度的運動能力表現較優。四、父親擅長運動的幼兒，在敏捷性和肌耐力的運動能力表現較優。五、母親擅長運動的幼兒，在平衡性和肌耐力的運動能力表現較優。六、家庭附近同齡玩伴有4位以上的幼兒，在敏捷性、協調性、肌耐力、速度的運動能力表現較優。本研究獲得以下結論：家庭運動器材項目較多、家庭附近有安全運動遊戲場所、手足人數較多、父母親較擅長運動、家庭附近同齡玩伴較多，擁有較優的運動能力表現。

The purpose of this study was to delve into the influences of both family physical and psycho-social environmental factors on children's motor abilities. The study subjects consisted of 1,220 kindergarteners and their parents from 53 registered public and private kindergartens in Taipei County. The parents were requested to fill out Children's Family Environment and Their Motor Abilities Survey Form. Then, their children's motor abilities were tested. Statistical methods including one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test was used to analyze the acquired data. The main findings of the study were as follows: 1. Children with an easy access to sports equipment at home showed better performance in explosive strength, agility, coordination, muscular endurance and speed. 2. Children living in the vicinity of safe playgrounds showed better performance in balance, explosive strength, agility, muscular endurance and speed. 3. Children with more than three siblings showed better performance in balance, explosive strength, agility, muscular endurance and speed. 4. Children whose fathers’ were good at sports showed better performance in agility and muscular endurance. 5. Children whose mothers' were good at sports showed better performance in balance and muscular endurance. 6. Children with more than four playmates of the same age in the neighborhood showed better performance in agility, coordination, muscular endurance and speed. The findings of the present study concludes that children with an easy access to sports equipment at home, living in the vicinity of safe playgrounds, with more than three siblings, whose parents' were good at sports or who have more than four playmates of the same age in the neighborhood showed better performance in motor abilities.