對於扮演台灣門戶的高雄市而言，長期以來拜高雄港聯外優勢與早期政府加工出口設置、十大建設在此推動重石化工業等因素的影響，一直是我國主要的重石化工業城市與工業港口。不過，自從1980 年代以來，隨著台灣參與全球化、東亞區域化的程度加深，傳統產業大舉外移，高新科技產業主要集中北部等諸多因素影響，使得高雄並未能有效而成功的進行產業轉型與升級。而 1990 年代中期以來，受到兩岸政治因素的阻礙，兩岸未能三通進行更普遍而深化的經濟文化交流，對於高雄的發展也構成重要的限制。2008 年馬英九政府上台以來，兩岸關係日趨緊密的趨勢，則構成高雄及台灣未來經濟發展的重大因素。本文目的，即在從比較長時間的角度，分析高雄市近一、二十年來的產業結構特質及其變遷，以瞭解未來可能產業的走向。

As the main export and import portal for Taiwan, Kaohsiung has before 1980s become a distinguish harbor city with a cluster of prosperous iron and steel, mechanical, and petrochemical industries under some influential policies such as The Ten Major Construction Projects and the Export Processing Zone. Nevertheless, Kaohsiung was hit most by the trends of de-industrialization and flight of traditional industries since 1980s in compare to the northern part of Taiwan. The High-Tech Industries that the Government promote eagerly to upgrade Taiwan economy had also concentrated more to the northern part of Taiwan. The upgrading and transformation of industries Kaohsiung was therefore neither smooth nor easy. Yet the Cross-Strait relationship that had ever hampered the development of much close economic relations and hurt the potential of Kaohsiung since middle 1990s has improved remarkably after the ruling of Ma Ying-Jeou government. This paper will try to analyze the structural characteristics and the transforming tendency of industries of Kaohsiung to pinpoint the opportunities and possibilities.