本研究目的是比較實驗組與控制組老年人之功能性體適能、身體自尊及幸福感在後測成績的差異，並探討老年人的功能性體適能對身體自尊及幸福感的預測情形。本研究以141位65歲以上者作為研究對象，並依照有無參與十二週水中體適能運動計畫區分為實驗組（79人）與控制組（62人）。研究工具為身體自尊量表及幸福感量表，所得研究結果為：一、實驗組與控制組在功能性體適能、身體自尊與幸福感的後測成績之差異達顯著水準。二、實驗組的功能性體適能、身體自尊及幸福感的成績在前、後測成績之差異達顯著水準。三、功能性體適能可以有效預測身體自尊及幸福感的變異量分別為61.7%及60.1%。本研究結論為：水中體適能運動為一項安全並且適合老年人的健身運動，除了能夠有效提升老年人的功能性體適能外，而且也可以提升身體自尊及幸福感。

The purposes of this study were to compare the differences of functional physical fitness, physical self-esteem and well-being between experimental and control groups of older adults, and to explore the effects of functional physical fitness on physical self-esteem and well-being. One hundred and forty-one older adults aged above 65 years were recruited as the subjects from three institutional care homes, and all subjects were divided into experimental (n = 79) and control (n = 62) groups. Participants completed physical self-esteem inventory and wellbeing inventory before and after experiments. The results were as follows: 1). The post-test scores of functional physical fitness, physical self-esteem and well-being were significantly different between experimental and control groups. 2). The scores of functional physical fitness, physical self-esteem and well-being were different between pre-test and post-test in experimental group. 3). The functional physical fitness explained the variance of physical self-esteem (61.7%) and well-being (60.1%) respectively. It is concluded that twelve-week water-fitness exercise was considered as a safe and suitable exercise for older adults. Water-fitness exercise could promote the functional physical fitness in older adults, and also promote physical self-esteem and well-being.