目的：本研究探討台灣成年人素食習慣與宗教信仰以及其它相關因子之關聯。方法：本研究以2009年「國民健康訪問調查」資料檔進行次級資料分析。依變項為是否長期吃素，以羅吉斯迴歸分析長期素食飲食與各自變項之關聯。結果：經加權處理的有效樣本人數為17,351人，長期素食者（占573人（3.3%）。素食飲食習慣相關自由獨立顯著因子包括8項：（1）較大的年齡、（2）非已婚、（3）宗教信仰為道教或民間傳統、佛教或一貫道、（4）沒有高血壓、（5）沒有糖尿病、（6）沒有高血脂症、（7）沒有喝酒及（8）沒有吸菸。結論：台灣成年人素食與多項因素呈顯著獨立關聯，研究結果可增進對台灣素食相關因子之了解。

Objectives. This study investigated the factors associated with vegetarian dietary habits in Taiwanese adults. Methods. A secondary data analysis was conducted using the datafile from the 2009 National Health Interview Survey. The dependent variable was long-term vegetarian dietary habits. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between long-term vegetarian dietary habits and various independent factors. Results. The weighted sample consisted of 17,351 individuals and of whom 573 (3.3%) had long-term vegetarian dietary habits. Long-term vegetarian dietary habits were associated with eight significant independent factors including: (1) older age, (2) not being married, (3) the religious beliefs of Taoism, folk religion, Buddhism, or Yiguandao, (4) no hypertension, (5) no diabetes, (6) no hyperlipidemia, (7) no use of alcohol, and (8) no use of tobacco. Conclusion. There are a number of factors that are significant independent factors of vegetarian dietary habits in Taiwanese adults. Findings from this study can improve the understanding of vegetarian dietary habits in Taiwan.