小學指導教師對於集中實習的實習教師輔導之研究__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	小學指導教師對於集中實習的實習教師輔導之研究
書刊名：	花蓮師院學報
作者：	楊基銓
出版日期：	1997
卷期：	7
頁次：	頁121-159
主題關鍵詞：	小學指導教師；集中實習；實習教師；輔導；Cooperating teacher；Student teaching；Student teacher；Supervision
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(1) 排除自我引用:4 共同引用:16 點閱:37

　　　　　本研究的目的是在研擬一份「小學指導教師對於集中實習的實習教師之輔導方案」。基於此研究目的，本研究探討二大問題：一為集中實習的實習教師最常面對的困難，二為小學指導教師如何輔導集中實習的實習教師。為達成本研究目的，研究者設定了現實性、理想性、前瞻性、可行性與共識等五個規準作為研究過程努力的目標。在此五個規準之下，調查訪問、文獻探討，以及詮譯循環訪談等是本研究所採用的主要方法。本研究調查訪問了花蓮師院八十四年度實習教師四十四名，以了解他們在集中實習時面對的困難；另訪問了二十五名來自國內七所師院附小的小學指導教師，以及四位特約國小的小學指導教師，共計二十九名。本研究就小學指導教師對於集中實習的實習教師之輔導提出一個可行性方案，包含了解實習教師最常面對的困難、了解有效能教師及有效教學的重要特質、集中實習前的輔導、集中實習期間的輔導、集中實習結束後的輔導。除此之外，本研究提出一個由四至六名小學指導教師組成的指導小組來輔導四至六名實習教師的協同指導方案。針對研究結果，本研究對於小學、小學指導教師、師院、師院指導教授、實習教師等提出十個建議，並對於未來的研究提出小學指導教師訓練方案等三個建議。

以文找文

　　　　　The purpose of this study was to develop an executive model of supervision for student teachers by cooperating teachers. Under this purpose, the research questions were focused on the following two problems: What were the most difficulties student teachers had durin their student teaching and how to supervise student teachers by cooperating teachers. In order to fulfill the purpose stated above, this study set five criteria: reality, ideal, premeditation, execution and consentience. Research methods of survey, literature review and hermeneutic circle interview were employed in this study. Forty-four student teachers from Hualien Teachers College in the 1995-1996 academic year were surveyed in order to find out the difficulties they had during their student teaching. Hermeneutic circle interview was used to understand twenty-four cooperating teachers from seven Lab Elementary Schools and four from other elementary schools that offered student teaching experiences during the past years. This study resulted in an executive model of supervision for student teachers by cooperating teachers. This model includes understanding the most difficulties student teachers had, understanding the important attributes of teacher effectiveness and effective teaching, the supervision before student teaching, the supervision during student teaching and the supervision after student teaching. In addition, this study offered an alternative model of supervisory team which requiring four to six cooperating teachers supervising four to six student teachers. Finally, this study revealed several suggestions for implementing this executive model and conducting future studies.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Blank, M. A.、Heathington, B. S.(1987)。The supervision process: A consistent approach to help student teachers improve。Journal of Classroom Interaction，22(4)，2-14。
2.	Davis, M. D.、Zaret, E.(1984)。Needed in teacher education: A developmental model for evaluation of teachers, preservice to inservice。Jorunal of Teacher Education，35(5)，5-19。
3.	Gallant, M. W.(1994)。Helping the music student teacher。Music Education Journal，80(6)，21-23。
4.	Gotlift, A.(1994)。What your student teacher wants you know。Journal of Instructor，104(1)，82-83。
5.	Waite, D.(1994)。Understanding supervision: an exploration of aspiring supervisors' definitions。Journal of Curriculum and Supervision，10(1)，60-76。
6.	王家通、郭明堂(19930900)。我國實習教育制度有關研究之探討與評析。教育研究資訊，1(5)，84-99。延伸查詢
7.	Grimmett, P. P.、Ratzlaff, H. C.(1986)。Expectations for the cooperating teacher role。Journal of Teacher Education，37(6)，41-50。
8.	Bolin, F. S.(1988)。Helping student teachers think about teaching。Journal of Teacher Education，39(2)，48-54。
9.	Colton, A. B.、Sparks-Langer, G. M.(1993)。A conceptual framework to guile the development of teacher reflection and decision making。Journal of Teacher Education，44(1)，45-54。
10.	Ludwig, S.(1994)。Nice secrets success with your student teacher。Teaching-pre-k-8，25(11)，102-103。
11.	Johnson, S.(1994)。Experience in the best teacher--or is it?。Journal of Teacher Education，45(3)，199-208。
12.	游自達(19890600)。國中實習教師工作困擾問題之研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所集刊，31，159-169。延伸查詢
13.	何清欽(1989)。教師職能成長之探討--以初任者職能成長為中心。教育文粹，18，30-43。延伸查詢
14.	陳奎熹(1987)。師範教育的畫龍點晴：談師大（院）教學實習。現代教育，2(2)，11-20。延伸查詢
15.	莊貞銀(1989)。他山之石--談夏威夷大學的教育實習。國教月刊，35(5/6)，41-44。延伸查詢
16.	廖高仁(19930100)。如何輔導師範結業生。國教園地，44，30-32。延伸查詢
17.	Applegate, J. H.、Lasley, T. J.(1985)。Students' expectations for the early field experiences。Text Tech Journal of Education，12(1)，27-36。
18.	Applegate, J. H.(1985)。Early field experiences: Recurring dilemmas。Journal of Teacher Education，36(2)，60-64。
19.	Bush, W. S.、Moss, M. T.、Seiler, M. J.(1991)。An alternative to traditional student teaching。Mathematics Teacher，35(2)，48-52。
20.	Childers, J. E. Jr.、Podemski, R. S.(1982)。Confronting idealistic teacher expectations: Strategies for training programs and school districts。Teacher Educator，18(3)，2-10。
21.	Costa, A. L.(1987)。What human beings do when they behave intelligently and how they can become more so。Journal of Special Education，11(3)，239-249。
22.	Grant, C. A.、Zeichner, K. M.(1981)。Inservice support for first year teacher: The State of the Scene。Journal of Research and Development in Education，14(2)，99-111。
23.	Karmos, A. H.、Jacko, C.(1977)。The role of significant others during the student teaching experience。Journal of Teacher Education，28(5)，51-55。
24.	Obara, Y.、Takahashi, Y.、Nakazawa, K.(1993)。How Japanese student teachers view practice teaching: An analysis of critical incidents summaries。Peabody Journal of Education，68(4)，34-43。
25.	Ocansey, R.(1988)。An effective supervision guide for supervisors: A systematic approach to organizing data generated during monitoring sessions in student teaching。Physical Education，45(1)，24-29。
26.	O'Rourke, B.(1983)。Lion tamers and baby sitters: First-year English teachers perceptions of their undergraduate teacher preparation。English Education，15(1)，17-25。
27.	Streifer, P.、Iwanicki, E.(1987)。The validation of beginning teacher competencies in Connecticut。Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education，1(1)，33-56。
28.	Shulman, Lee S.(1986)。Those Who Understand: Knowledge Growth in Teaching。Educational Researcher，15(2)，4-14。
29.	Veenman, Simon(1984)。Perceived Problems of Beginning Teachers。Review of Educational Research，54(2)，143-178。

會議論文
1.	Kleinfeld, J.(1991)。Changes in Problem Solving Abilities of Students Taught through Case Methods。The Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association，(會議日期: 1991/04/03-04/07)。Chicago, IL。
2.	楊基銓(1996)。師院結業實習教師之輔導與評量研究。八十四學年度師資培育與教育實習學術研討會，(會議日期: 1996/05/21-05/22)。國立台北師範學院。延伸查詢
3.	Westerman, D. A.、Smith, S. A.(1993)。A research-based model for the clinical supervision of student teachers。The Annual meeting of the American Association of College for Teacher Education，(會議日期: February,24-27)。San Diego, CA。
4.	楊基銓(1995)。「知行思交融」教育實習模式在集中試教之應用。國立屏東師範學院八十四學年度全國師範校院教育學術論文發表會，屏東師院 (會議日期: 八十四年十一月三日)。延伸查詢
5.	Caldwell, M.(1986)。Status report on the Virginia Beginning Teacher Assistance Program。The Board of Education Meeting, Commonwealth of Virginia，(會議日期: February 25-26, 1986)。Richmond, VA。
6.	da Costa, J. L.(1995)。Teacher collaboration: The role of trust and respect。The Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association，(會議日期: April,18-22)。San Francisco, CA。
7.	Driscoll, A.、Kauchak, D.、Stevens, D.(1986)。The influence of research on effective instruction on student teachers' thoughts and behaviors。The annual Meeting of the American Education al Research Association。San Francisco, CA。
8.	Faire, M.(1994)。Improving the practicum: The professional development needs of lectures, associate teachers and student teachers。The annual conference at the Australian Teacher Education Association，(會議日期: July 3-6)。Queensland, Australia。
9.	Rust, F.(1992)。Isn't it high to bury clinical supervision the case for pre-service teacher education。The Annual Meeting of the American Education Research Association。San Francisco, CA。
10.	Stanford, R. L.、Banaszak, R. A.、McClelland, S. M.、Rountree, B. S.、Wilson, E. K.(1994)。Empowering cooperating teachers: the University of Alabama Clinical Master Teacher Program。The Annual Meeting of the Association of Teacher Educators，(會議日期: February 12-16)。Atlanta, GA。

研究報告
1.	臺灣省國民學校教師研習會(1976)。國民小學教師基本能力研究報告。板橋：臺灣省國民學校教師研習會。延伸查詢

圖書
1.	Henry, M. A.、Beasley, W. W.(1991)。Supervising student teachers: The professional way。IN：Sycamore Press, Inc.。
2.	Watts, H.(1982)。The beginning teacher: The developer。The National Staff Development Council。
3.	Huling-Austin, L.、Odell, S. J.、Ishler, P.、Kay, R. S.、Edelfelt, R. A.(1989)。Assisting the beginning teacher。Reston, VA：Association of Teacher Educators。
4.	Waxman, H. C.、Walberg, H. J.(1991)。Effective Teaching: Current Research。Berkeley, CA：McCutchan Publishing Corporation。
5.	饒見維、楊基銓、王筱篁、王玲珍(1994)。國小教師資格檢定項目之研究。花蓮：國立花蓮師範學院初等教育學系。延伸查詢
6.	Cogan, M.(1973)。Clinical supervision。Boston：Houghton Mifflin。
7.	黃政傑(1988)。教育理想的追求。臺北：心理出版社。延伸查詢
8.	(1987)。A Handbook for student in Teacher Education。College of Education University of Hawaii Manaa。
9.	Glickman, C.(1985)。Observing skills。Newton, MA：Allyn & Bacon。
10.	Goldhammer, R.、Anderson, R.、Krajewski, R.(1980)。Clinical supervision。New York：Holt, Reinhart, and Winston Press。
11.	McDonald, F. J.、Elias, P.(1983)。The transition into teaching: The problems of beginning teachers and programs to solve them: Summary report。Princeton, NJ：Educational Testing Service。

單篇論文
1.	Gordon, S. P.(1991)。How to help beginning teachers succeed(ED 341166)。
2.	Redekopp, J. P.(1989)。Supervision based on self-initiation and self-analysis(No. ED 325 954)。
3.	Estabrooke, M.，Goldsbery, L.(1995)。Learning side by side(No. ED 385 499)。
4.	Galvez- Hjornevik, C.(1985)。Teacher mentors: A review of the literature(No. ED 263 105)。
5.	Glickmam, C. D.(1981)。Developmental supervision: Alternative practices for helping teachers improve instruction，Alexandria, YA：Chicago, IL：Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development。(No. ED 263 655)。
6.	Joyce, B. R.(1968)。The teacher innovator : A program to prepare teachers(No. ED 027 284)。
7.	O'Neal, S.(1983)。An analysis of student teaching-cooperating teacher conference as related to the self-concept, flexibility, and teaching concerns of each participant，Austin, TX：Research and Development Center for Teacher Education。(No. ED 234 030)。
8.	Riordan, G. P.(1995)。Teachers' perceptions of collaboration and clinical supervision(ED 385494)。
9.	Sclan, E.，Darling-Hammond, L.(1992)。Beginning teacher performance evaluation: An overview of state policies(No. ED 341 689)。
10.	Smith, D. J.(1992)。Intern perceptions on the quality of cooperating teacher supervision(No. ED 347 149)。
11.	Thomson, W. S.(1992)。Using videotape as a supplement to traditional student teacher supervision(No. ED 357 014)。

圖書論文
1.	林生傳(1990)。實習困擾的分析與化解之道。師範教育政策與問題。臺北：師大書苑。延伸查詢
2.	Peterson, E. D.(1982)。Beginning teacher induction: Five dilemmas。The proceedings of a public forum of the American Educational Research Association。New York。
3.	Bolin, F. S.、Panaritis, P.(1992)。Searching for a common purpose: A perspective on the history of supervision。Supervision in transition。Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development。
4.	Huling-Austin, L.(1989)。Research on beginning teacher assistance programs。Assisting the beginning teacher。Reston, Virginia：Association of Teacher Educators。
5.	Odell, S. J.(1989)。Developing support programs for beginning teachers。Assisting the beginning teacher。Reston, Virginia：Association of Teacher Educators。

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