壹、中文文獻
（一）書籍
王冠雄，《南海諸島爭端與漁業共同合作》，台北市：秀威，2002年11月。
丘宏達，《現代國際法》，台北市：三民書局，1995年11月。
洪丁福，《國際政治新論》，台北縣：群英出版社，2006年10月。
Jack Donnelly著，高德原譯，《現實主義與國際關係》（Realism and International Relations），初版，台北市：弘智文化，2002年。
倪世雄，《當代國際關係理論》，台北市：五南，2006年。
徐永明、黃紀主編，《政治分析的層次》，台北市：韋伯，2001年。
陸俊元，《地緣政治的本質與規律》，北京：時事出版社，2005年。
翁明賢、吳建德與江春琦主編，《國際關係》，台北市：五南，2007年。
張清溪、許嘉棟、劉鶯川與吳聰敏，《經濟學下冊》，台北市：翰蘆出版，2000年。
鄒文海，《西洋政治思想史稿》，台北市：三民書局，1994年。
奧本海著，岑德彰譯，《奧本海國際法上冊》，台北市：商務，1977年。
劉雪蓮，《地緣政治學》，長春：吉林大學出版，2002年7月。
Joshua S. Goldstein and Jon C. Pevehouse著，歐信宏、胡祖慶譯，《國際關係》，台北市：雙葉書廊，2007年。
Thucydides著，謝德風譯，《伯羅奔尼撒戰爭史：雅典斯巴達戰爭史》，初版，台北市：台灣商務，2000年。
（二）學術期刊、論文
王啟明、陳宛郁，＜國際社會化垂直與水平的途徑分析：以美國霸權在核不擴散條約的作用為例＞，《問題與研究》，49卷1期（2010年3月），頁111-145。石之瑜，＜現實主義國際政治學的知識脈絡＞，《問題與研究》，39卷7期（2000年7月），頁37-52。甘逸驊，＜冷戰結束後的北約與國際關係理論＞，《問題與研究》，42卷5期（2003年9、10月），頁1-23。宋學文，＜從層次分析探討霸權穩定論：一個國際關係理論演化的研究方法＞，《問題與研究》，43卷2期（2004年3、4月），頁171-196。--------，＜層次分析對國際關係研究的重要性及模型建構＞，《問題與研究》，47卷4期（2008年12月），頁167-199。
佚名，＜逐鹿北極，誰是最後的勝利者＞，《科技風》，9期（2009年），頁9-10。
林碧炤，＜國際關係權力概念的解析＞，《問題與研究》，27卷4期（1988年1月），頁23-47。--------，＜國家利益與國家政治＞，《國際關係學報》，6期（1998年12月），頁87-95。
--------，＜論權力平衡＞，《問題與研究》，30卷3期（1991年3月），頁1-19。
吳玲君，＜中共APEC策略與角色的轉變：新現實主義的解析＞，《問題與研究》，40卷3期（2001年5、6月），頁1-21。俞寬賜，＜從「歷史性水域」制度論我國南海U形線之法律地位＞，《理論與政策》，第8卷第1期（1993年11月），頁87-102。郭培清，管清蕾，＜北方海航道政治與法律問題探析＞，《中國海洋大學學報》，第4期（2009年），頁1-5。
--------，＜北方航道上的衝突事件＞，《海洋事件》，第2期（2010年），頁64-66。
陳欣之，＜國際體系層級的建構與霸權統治＞，《問題與研究》，46卷2期（2007年4、5、6月），頁23-52。陸俊元，＜當今北極地緣政治格局特徵分析＞，《世界地理研究》，19卷1期（2010年1月），頁1-5。
莫大華，＜論國際關係理論中的建構主義＞，《問題與研究》，38卷9期（1999年9月），頁93-109。--------，＜國際關係理論大辯論研究的評析＞，《問題與研究》，39卷12期（2000年12月），頁65-90。
--------，＜理性主義與建構主義的辯論：國際關係理論的另一次大辯論？＞，《政治科學論叢》，19期（2003年12月），頁113-138。
--------，＜國際關係建構主義理論內部的知識論差異與方法論多元＞，《問題與研究》，48卷3期（2009年9月），頁63-95。
--------，＜國際關係建構主義理論的心物二元論：Alexander Wendt量子社會科學理論的分析與批判＞，《問題與研究》，49卷1期（2010年3月），頁29-58。
張俠、劉玉新、凌曉良、顏其德與屠景芳，＜北極地區人口數量、組成與分布＞，《世界地理研究》，17卷4期（2008年6月），頁132-141。
萬征，鄧志斌，＜未來物流新格局－關於開闢北極新航線和建立北極大平台的構想＞，《商場現代化》，第447期（2005年10月），頁3-5。
楊欣，＜北極變孤島的隱憂＞，《百科知識》，下冊第20期（2008年10月），頁10-12。
趙國材，＜論北冰洋之爭議＞，《軍法專刊》，57卷3期（2011年6月），頁164-215。鄭端耀，＜國際關係社會建構主義理論評析＞，《美歐季刊》，15卷2期（2001年），頁199-230。
-------，＜國際關係攻勢與守勢現實主義理論爭辯之評析＞，《問題與研究》，42卷2期（2003年3、4月），頁1-21。
--------，＜國際關係新古典現實主義理論＞，《問題與研究》，44卷1期（2005年1、2月），頁115-140。
劉江萍、郭培清，＜加拿大對西北航道主權控制的法律依據分析＞，《青島行政學報》，第2期（2010年），頁102-105。
龍村倪，＜北極專有名詞及釋註II＞，《中國科技術語》，第2期（2010年），頁55-58。
（三）學位論文
戴宗翰，《由國際法論海盜行為防制之研究－兼論亞太區域合作之模式》，台北市：文化大學政治研究所碩士論文，2002年6月。
貳、西文文獻
一、第一手資料
（一）官方文件
“2010 Extended Continental Shelf project,” available at US Extended Continental Shelf project Website, http://continentalshelf.gov/missions/10arctic/welcome.html. Visited on November 26, 2010.
“About Arctic Council,” (October 22, 2007), available at Arctic Council Website, http://arctic-council.org/article/about. Visited on June 21, 2011.
“A Brief History of the Danish West Indies,” available at Danish National Archives Website, http://www.virgin-islands-history.dk/eng/vi_hist.asp. Visited on November 2, 2010.
“Act on Greenland Self- Government,” available at NANOQ Website (Greenland), http://uk.nanoq.gl/sitecore/content/Websites/uk,-d-,nanoq/Emner/Government/~/media/6CF403B6DD954B77BC2C33E9F02E3947.ashx. Visited October 2, 2010.
“Agreed Minutes on the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf beyond 200 Nautical Miles between the Faroe Islands, Iceland and Norway in the Southern Part of the Banana Hole of the Northeast Atlantic,” (September 21, 2006), available at Norway Ministry of Foreign Affairs Website, http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/ud.html?id=833. Visited on June 11, 2011.
“Agreement between the Royal Norwegian Government and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics concerning the sea frontier between Norway and the USSR in the Varangerfjord, 15 February 1957,” available at U.N. Website, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/TREATIES/NOR-RUS1957SF.PDF. Visited on November 24, 2010.
“Agreement between the Russian Federation and the Kingdom of Norway on the Maritime Delimitation in the Varangerfjord area, 11 July 2007,” available at U. N. Website, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/doalos_publications/LOSBulletins/bulletinpdf/bulletin67e.pdf. Visited on November 23, 2010.
“Agreement Signed between Norway and Russia on maritime delimitation in the Varangerfjord area,” available at Ministry of Foreign Affairs Website (Norway), http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/ud/press/news/2007/Agreement-signed-between-Norway-and-Russ.html?id=476347. Visited on November 23. 2010.
“Agreement between the government of Canada and the government of the United States of America on Arctic cooperation,” available at Canada-American Treaties Website, http://www.lexum.umontreal.ca/ca_us/en/cts.1988.29.en.html. Visited on December 17, 2010.
“Agreement in the Joint Norwegian-Russia Fisheries Commission on quotas for 2011,” (June 10, 2010), available at Ministry of Fisheries and Costal Affairs Website (Norway), http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/fkd/pressesenter/pressemeldinger/2010/enighet-i-den-blandete-norsk-russiske-fi.html?id=619744. Visited on January 20,2011.
“Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Denmark and the Government of the Kingdom of Norway concerning the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf in the Area between the Faroe Islands and Norway and concerning the Boundary between the Fishery Zone near the Faroe Islands and the Norwegian Economic Zone,” available at U.N. Website, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/TREATIES/DNK-NOR1979CS.PDF. Visited on February 14, 2011.
“Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the maritime boundary,” available at U.N. Website, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/TREATIES/USA-RUS1990MB.PDF. Visited on February 15, 2011.
“Agreement on Cooperation in Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue in the Arctic,” available at Arctic Council Website, http://arctic-council.npolar.no/accms/export/sites/default/en/meetings/2011-nuuk-ministerial/docs/Arctic_SAR_Agreement_EN_FINAL_for_signature_21-Apr-2011.pdf. Visited on June 23, 2011.
“Agreement on Continental Shelf in the Norwegian Sea,” available at The Permanent Mission of Norway to the United Nations Website, http://www.norway-un.org/News/Archive_2006/Important_agreement/. Visited on September 24, 2010.
“Agreement for cooperation relating to the marine environment,” available at U.N. Website, http://untreaty.un.org/unts/60001_120000/12/2/00022093.pdf. Visited on October 26, 2011.
“Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Denmark and the Government of Canada relating to the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf between Greenland and Canada (17 December, 1973),” available at U. N. Website, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/TREATIES/DNK-CAN1973CS.PDF. Visited on October 28, 2010.
Antarctic Treaty Secretariat Website, http://www.ats.aq/index_e.htm. Visited on October 1, 2010.
“Arctic Report Card,” available at NOAA Website, http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/reportcard/seaice.html. Visited on February 9, 2011.
“Arctic Sea Routes- Northern Sea Route and Northwest Passage,” available at United Nations Environment Programme Website, http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/arctic-sea-routes-northern-sea-route-and-northwest-passage. Visited on December 14, 2010.
“Arctic Ocean,” available at CIA-The World FactBook Website, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xq.html. Visited on February 8, 2011.
Brigham, Lawson W., “Changing Maritime Access in the Arctic Ocean- A Strategic View for the 21st Century,” available at NOAA Website, http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/detect/Changing_Marine_Access_in_the_Arctic_Ocean.pdf. Visited on September 20, 2010.
“Canada's Draft National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention,” available at Environment Canada Website, http://www.ec.gc.ca/lcpe-cepa/default.asp?lang=En&n=CAE9F571=1&wsdoc=6E12A2C0-6BAB-6EDD-25BF-A53401F749F7. Visited on November 5, 2010.
“Canada’s Extended Continental Shelf,” available at Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada Website, http://www.international.gc.ca/continental/program-canada-programme.aspx?lang=eng#arctic-arctique. Visited on November 26, 2010.
CIA-THE WORLD FACTBOOK Website, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html. Visited on September 24, 2010.
“CLCS/40/Rev.1,” (April 17, 2008), available at CLCS website, http://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N08/309/23/pdf/N0830923.pdf?OpenElement. Visited on October 18, 2010.
“CLCS/34,” (June 27, 2002), available at CLCS Website, http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N02/452/91/PDF/N0245291.pdf?OpenElement. Visited on November 13, 2010.
“Continental Shelf Submission of Norway, in respect of areas in the Arctic Ocean, the Barents Sea and the Norwegian Sea” available at CLCS website, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/nor06/nor_exec_sum.pdf. Visited on November 12, 2010.
“Convention on the Continental shelf, 1958,” available at UN Website, http://untreaty.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/8_1_1958_continental_shelf.pdf.Visited on November 17, 2010.
“Coastline,” available at CIA - The World Factbook Website, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2060.html?countryName=Canada&countryCode=ca®ionCode=na&#ca. Visited on October 7, 2010.
“Country Comparison - Population,” available at CIA-The World Factbook Website, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html?countryName=United States&countryCode=us®ionCode=na&rank=3#usl. Visited on July 3, 2011.
“Country Comparison: GDP (purchasing power parity),” available at CIA - The World Factbook Website, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html?countryName=United States&countryCode=us®ionCode=na&rank=2#us. Visited on June 7, 2011.
“Declaration on the Establishment of the Arctic Council,” available at Arctic Council Website, http://arctic-council.org/filearchive/ottawa_decl_1996-3..pdf. Visited on June 22, 2011.
“Delimitation line in the sea areas between Greenland and Svalbard established” (February 20, 2006), available at Ministry of Foreign Affairs Website (Norway), http://www.regjeringen.no/nn/dep/ud/pressesenter/pressemeldinger/2006/Delimitation-line-in-the-sea-areas-between-Greenland-and-Svalbard-established.html?id=438505. Visited on February 14, 2011.
“Exercise Narwhal Series,” available at National Defense and the Canadian Forces Website, http://www.canadacom.forces.gc.ca/nr-sp/bg-do/07-002-eng.asp. Visited on November 3, 2010.
“Fisheries Collaboration with Russia,” (June 5, 2010), available at Fisheries.no Website (Norway), http://www.fisheries.no/resource_management/International_cooperation/Fisheries_collaboration_with_Russia/. Visited on January 20, 2011.
“Global Temperature Trends: 2009 Summation,” available at NOAA Website, http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/detect/global-temps.shtml. Visited on September 16, 2010.
“Historical Background,” available at Governor of Svalbard Website, http://www.sysselmannen.no/hovedEnkel.aspx?m=45295. Visited on November 23, 2010.
“International Collaboration,” available at Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada Website, http://www.international.gc.ca/continental/collaboration.aspx. Visited on November 26, 2010.
“International Organizations,” available at Arctic Council Website, http://arctic-council.org/section/observers_intergovernmental_and_inter_parliamentary_organization. Visited on June 22, 2011.
“Juridical Regime of Historic Waters, Including Historic Bays,” A study prepared by UN Secretariat , Doc. A/CN.4/143, para34, available at UN website, http://untreaty.un.org/ilc/documentation/english/a_cn4_143.pdf. Visited on March 19, 2010.
“Legal Status of the South-Eastern Territory of Greenland,” available at worldcourts Website, http://www.worldcourts.com/pcij/eng/decisions/1933.05.11_greenland/. Visited on October 28, 2010.
“New Arctic Council Agreement will Improve Rescue Efforts in the Arctic,” available at Arctic Council Website, http://arctic-council.npolar.no/accms/export/sites/default/en/meetings/2011-nuuk-ministerial/docs/Press_Release_-_Arctic_Council_Nuuk_Ministerial_Meeting.pdf. Visited on June 22, 2011.
“Non-arctic states,” available at Arctic Council Website, http://arctic-council.org/section/observers_non_arctic_states. Visited on June 22, 2011.
“Non Governmental Organizations,” available at Arctic Council Website, http://arctic-council.org/section/observers_non_governmental. Visited on June 22, 2011.
“Norway and Russia sign historic maritime boundary agreement,” available at Goverrnment.no Website (Norway government), http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/UD/kart/kart_100914_ny.gif. Visited on November 25, 2010.
“Norway and Russia ratify treaty on maritime delimitation,” (July 6, 2011), available at Ministry of Foreign Affairs Website (Norway government), http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/ud/press/news/2011/maritie_delimitation.html?id=646614. Visited on November 10, 2011.
“Norway and Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Agreement on co-operation in the fishing industry, Signed at Moscow on 11 April 1975,” available at UN Website, http://untreaty.un.org/unts/1_60000/27/29/00053422.pdf. Visited on January 19, 2011.
“Notes and Definitions,” available at CIA-The World Factbook Website, http://www.travlang.com/factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2011. Visited on September 24, 2010.
Press Release, CLCS, Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf Receives Its First Submission: Russia Federation First to move to Establish Outer Limits of Its Extended Continental Shelf, U.N. Doc. SEA/1729 (Dec. 21, 2001), available at CLCS Website, http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2001/sea1729.doc.htm. Visited on November 9, 2010.
“Rank Order – Area,” available at CIA-The World Factbook Website, http://www.travlang.com/factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html. Visited on October 1, 2010.
“Rank Order - Population,” available at CIA-The World Factbook Website, http://www.travlang.com/factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html. Visited on October 1, 2010.
“SPLOS/72,” (May 29, 2001), available at CLCS website, http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N01/387/64/PDF/N0138764.pdf?OpenElement. Visited on October 15, 2010.
“SPLOS/183,” (June 20, 2008), available at CLCS website, http://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N08/398/76/pdf/N0839876.pdf?OpenElement. Visited on October 15, 2010.
“Table recapitulating the status of the Convention and of the related Agreements, as at 1 October 2010,” available at U. N. Website, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/reference_files/status2010.pdf. Visited on November 4, 2010.
“The Svalbard Treaty,” available at Governor of Svalbard Website, http://www.sysselmannen.no/hovedEnkel.aspx?m=45301. Visited on November 23, 2010.
“The Island of Palmas Case (or Miangas),” available at Permanent Court of Arbitration Website, http://www.pca-cpa.org/upload/files/Island%20of%20Palmas%20award%20only%20+%20TOC.pdf. Visited on October 8, 2010.
“Treaty between the Kingdom of Norway and the Russia Federation concerning Maritime Delimitation and Cooperation in the Barents Sea and the Arctic Sea,” available at Goverrnment.no Website (Norway government), http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/SMK/Vedlegg/2010/avtale_engelsk.pdf. Visited on November 23,2010.
“Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Norway Agreement, concerning mutual relations in the field of fisheries. Signed at Moscow on 15 October 1976,” available at UN Website, http://untreaty.un.org/unts/60001_120000/3/14/00004651.pdf. Visited on January 20, 2011.
“United Nations Convention on the Law of The Sea, Dec. 10, 1982,” available at UN Website, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf. Visited on October 14, 2010.
US Geological Survey, “Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal: Estimates of Undiscovered Oil and Gas North of the Arctic Circle,” (USGS Fact Sheet 2008-3049, July 2008), available at USGS Website, http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3049/fs2008-3049.pdf. Visited on December 22, 2010.
U.S. Geological Survey, “90 Billion Barrels of Oil and 1,670 Trillion Cubic Feet of Natural Gas Assessed in the Arctic, USGS Newsroom Released,”（July 23, 2008）, available at USGS Website, http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=1980&from=rss_home. Visited on January 1, 2009.
“Утверждены Министерством морского флота СССР 14 сентября 1990 г.” Available at Ministry of Transport of the Russia Federation Website, http://www.morflot.ru/about/sevmorput/index.php. Visited on December 15, 2010.
（二）美國海洋與國際環境暨科學事務局內部會議簡報資料
Pay, Brian Van, National Maritime Claims in the Arctic (U. S. office of Ocean and Polar Affairs, May 21, 2009).
（三）非官方文件（新聞資料、社論、公開資訊）
“Arctic Circle,” available at Wikipedia Website, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_Circle. Visited on September 20, 2010.
“Arctic Oil and Gas,” available at Geological Association of Canada Website, http://www.gac.ca/PopularGeoscience/factsheets/ArcticOilandGas_e.pdf. Visited on December 23, 2010.
“Arctic Region,” available at University of Texas Libraries Website http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/islands_oceans_poles/arctic_ref802647_1999.pdf. Visited on September 20, 2010.
Barbara Rhodes, “Who owns the North Pole,” available at 90 North Index Website, http://90north.tripod.com/northpole.htm. Visited on October 8, 2010.
Bennett, Mia, “Russia Plans Military and Economic Development in Arctic,” (March, 2009), available at Foreign Policy Association Website, http://arctic.foreignpolicyblogs.com/2009/03/. Visited on December 11, 2010.
“Beaumont Island?” (March 27, 2010), available at SIKU News Website, http://www.sikunews.com/News/International/Beaumont-Island%3F-7342. Visited on January 18, 2011.
“Black Gold Under the Ice: The Race for the Arctic Seabed Arrives in Greenland,” (May 27, 2008), available at SPIEGEL Website, http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,555775,00.html. Visited on September 24, 2010.
Bluemink, Elizabeth, “US, Canada do battle over Beaufort boundary,” (March 7, 2010), available at Anchorage Daily News Website, http://www.adn.com/2010/03/06/1171563/us-canada-do-battle-over-beaufort.html. Visited on January 8, 2011.
Boswell, Randy, “Canada ready to settle Beaufort Sea dispute with U. S.: Cannon,” available at the Vancouver Sun Website, (May 14, 2010), http://www.vancouversun.com/Canada+ready+settle+Beaufort+dispute+with+Cannon/3029507/story.html. Visited on January 18, 2011.
Boulton, Ralph, “Norway hails Barents treaty OK by Russian Duma,” (March 26, 2011) available at Thomson Reuters News Website, http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/03/26/barentstreaty-idUSLDE72P0HY20110326. Visited on May 27, 2011.
“Bouvet Island,” available at About.Com Website, http://geography.about.com/library/cia/blcbouvet.htm. Visited on July 3, 2011.
Byers, Michael, “We Can Settle This: Let’s Trade Oil for Fish,” (March 11, 2005), available at Who Owns the Arctic Website, http://byers.typepad.com/arctic/2008/11/we-can-settle-this-lets-trade-oil-for-fish.html#more. Visited on November 18, 2010.
------, “Russia and Canada: Partners in the North ?” (December 22, 2009), available at The Globe and Mail Website, http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/opinions/russia-and-canada-partners-in-the-north/article1406087/. Visited on December 14, 2010.
------, “All of Sudden, we have, this almost perfect opportunity for a win-win, negotiated resolution,” (August 2, 2010), available at BBC News Website, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-10834006. Visited on November 19, 2010.
“Canada, Denmark agree to resolve dispute over Arctic Island,” available at CBC News Website, http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2005/09/19/hans-island-20050919.html. Visited on November 3, 2010.
“Canada Island Visit Angers Danes,” available at World Affairs Talk Website, http://www.worldaffairstalk.com/forums/showthread.php?t=14841. Visited on November 3, 2010.
“Convention Between Great Britain and Russia, 1825,” available at Explore North Website, http://explorenorth.com/library/history/bl-ruseng1825.htm. Visited on November 18, 2010.
“Corfu Channel Case,” (Apr. 9, 1949), available at International Law of War Association Website, http://lawofwar.org/corfu_channel_case.htm. Visited on December 7, 2010.
“Demark Plans Forces for Arctic,” (July 16, 2009), available at BBC News Website, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8154181.stm. Visited on October 27, 2010.
“Dome Petroleum Limited,” available at The Canadian Encyclopedia Website, http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0002341. Visited on November 2, 2010.
Druginyn, Alexsey, “Putin defends Russia’s Arctic right, calls for dialogue,” (March 15, 2010), available at Ria Novosti Website, http://en.rian.ru/russia/20100315/158203547.html. Visited on December 31, 2010.
“Et enormt matfat,” available at aftenposten Website, http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article3626313.ece. Visited on January 12, 2011.
“Faroe Islands,” available at Wikipedia Website, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faroe_Islands. Visited on September 23, 2010.
Gabriel, Dana, “Future U.S.-Canada joint Arctic Security and Control,” (July 1, 2010), available at Centre for Research on Globalization Website, http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=19986. Visited on February 2, 2011.
Glover, Peter, “Russia isn’t freezing out Canada on Arctic,” (September 30, 2010), available at Troy Media Website, http://www.troymedia.com/2010/09/27/russia-isn%E2%80%99t-%E2%80%98freezing-out%E2%80%99-anyone-on-arctic-policy/. Visited on December 31, 2010.
“Greenland,” available at Class Brain Website, http://www.classbrain.com/art_cr/publish/greenland_government.shtml. Visited on October 2, 2010.
Griffiths, Sian, “US-Canada Arctic Border dispute key to maritime riches,” (August 2, 2010), available at BBC News Website, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-10834006. Visited on December 31, 2010.
Gronewold, Nathanial, “Seabed claims mount, swamping U.N. commission,” (May 14, 2009), available at The New York Times http://www.nytimes.com/gwire/2009/05/14/14greenwire-seabed-claims-mount-swamping-un-commission-10572.html?pagewanted=1. Visited on November 26, 2010.
“Hans Island,” available at Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias Website, http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/194401. Visited on October 29, 2010.
“Hans Island, Arctic,” available at Private Islands Online Website, http://www.privateislandsonline.com/hans-island.htm. Visited on October 28, 2010.
“Hans Island History,” available at Mr. Denmark’s Hans Island Page Website, http://mrdenmark.blogspot.com/2005/08/hans-island-history-on-august-13-1872.html. Visited on October 28, 2010.
Harding, Luke, “Russia and Norway resolve Arctic border dispute,” (September 15, 2010), available at guardian.co.uk Website, http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/sep/15/russia-norway-arctic-border-dispute. Visited on November 25, 2010
Harper, Kenn, “Hans’ History,” available at Canadian Geographic Website, http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/hansIsland/background.asp. Visited on October 23, 2010.
International Boundaries Research Unit, “Maritime Jurisdiction and Boundaries in the Arctic Circle,” available at IBRU Website, http://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/ibru/arctic.pdf. Visited on June 9, 2011.
Karpoff, Jonathan M., “Robert McClure,” available at Washington University Website, http://faculty.washington.edu/karpoff/Research/McClure.pdf. Visited on December 10, 2010.
Lavrentieva, Catherine, “Russia, Ukraine agree to resume gas supplies,” (January 18, 2009), available at Mail and Guardian online Website, http://www.mg.co.za/article/2009-01-18-russia-ukraine-agree-to-resume-gas-supplies. Visited on January 12, 2011.
Lavrov, Sergei and Jonas Gahr Støre, “Canada, take note: Here’s how to resolve maritime disputes,” (September 21, 2010), available at The Globe and Mail website, http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/opinions/canada-take-note-heres-how-to-resolve-maritime-disputes/article1715307/. Visited on June 21, 2011.
Liss, Artyom, “Arctic trail blazers make history,” (September 19, 2009), available at BBC News Website, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8264345.stm. Visited on December 10, 2010.
“Lomonosov Ridge,” available at Wikipedia Website, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lomonosov_Ridge. Visited on November 6, 2010.
“Mackenzie Delta,” available at Wikipedia Website, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mackenzie_Delta_(electoral_district). Visited on January 5, 2011.
“Maps and Graphs,” available at NORDREGIO Website, http://www2.scriptor.no/nordregio/db/repository/x14062010150520241273461.jpg. Visited on November 25, 2010.
“Maps of Northwest Passage, ” available at ATHROPOLIS Website, http://www.athropolis.com/map9.htm. Visited on January 12, 2009.
Mufson, Steve, “Gulf of Mexico oil spill creates environmental and political dilemmas,” (April 27, 2010), available at The Washington Post Website, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/26/AR2010042604308.html. Visited on November 19, 2010.
“Nares Strait,” available at Wikipedia Website, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nares_Strait. Visited on November 2, 2011.
“Navy Ships,” available at Global Firepower Website, http://www.globalfirepower.com/navy-ships.asp. Visited on October 5, 2010.
“Navy Submarines,” available at Global Firepower Website, http://www.globalfirepower.com/navy-submarines.asp. Visited on October 5, 2010.
“Northern Sea route,” available at WIKIPEDIA Website, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Sea_Route. Visited on September 23, 2010.
Parfitt, Tom, “Miles below the North Pole, Russia mini-subs lay claim to Arctic wealth,” (August 3, 2007), available at Guardian.co.uk Website, http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/aug/03/russia.oil. Visited on November 25, 2010.
Rodgers, Walter, “War over the Arctic? Global warming skeptics distract us from security risks,” available at the Christian Science Monitor Website, http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Walter-Rodgers/2010/0302/War-over-the-Arctic-Global-warming-skeptics-distract-us-from-security-risks. Visited on September 21, 2010.
Rogoff, Alice, “Melting Arctic: Think of the Bering Straits as the Next Panama Canal,” (February 28, 2010), available at Alaska Dispatch Website, http://alaskadispatch.com/voices/tundra-talk/4236-melting-arctic-think-of-the-bering-strait-as-the-next-panama-canal. Visited on December 14, 2010.
“Romania, applicant V. Ukraine, respondent,” available at AMUN Website, http://www.amun.org/final/06/ICJ_Romania.pdf. Visited on December 29, 2010.
Schoen, John W., “What’s Pushing Oil Prices Higher ?” available at msnbc. com Website, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/13862677/ns/business-answer_desk/. Visited on January 11, 2011.
Seidler, Christoph and Gerald Traufetter, “Melting of Arctic Ice Opening Up New Routes to Asia,” (September 27, 2010), available at SPIEGEL Website, http://www.spiegel.de/international/business/0,1518,719740,00.html. Visited on December 14, 2010.
“Self-rule Introduced in Greenland,” (June 21, 2009), available at BBC News Website, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8111292.stm. Visited on September 20, 2010.
“Strength in Numbers,” available at Global Firepower Website, http://www.globalfirepower.com/. Visited on June 7, 2011.
“Svalbard and Jan Mayen,” available at Wikipedia Website, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svalbard_and_Jan_Mayen. Visited on July 3, 2011.
“The Arctic-as define by Arctic Circle,” available at ATHROPOLIS Website, http://www.athropolis.com/map3.htm.. Visited on September 20, 2010.
“The Hans of Time,” available at Canadian Geographic Website, http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/hansIsland/time.asp. Visited on October 28, 2010.
“The Transfer of Alaska from Russia to United States,” available at Explore North Website, http://explorenorth.com/library/yafeatures/bl-Alaska1867.htm. Visited on November 18, 2010.
“Thucydides,” available at Washington State University Website, http://wsu.edu/~dee/GREECE/THUCY.HTM. Visited on August 13, 2010.
“Ukraine loses the dispute over Snake Island to Romania,” (February 4, 2009), available at OSW Website, http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/eastweek/2009-02-04/ukraine-loses-dispute-over-snake-island-romania. Visited on December 29, 2010.
Weber, Bob, “Arctic Treaty will push Canada to upgrade rescue capabilities, experts say,” (January 4, 2011), available at the star website, http://www.thestar.com/news/canada/article/915973--arctic-treaty-will-push-canada-to-upgrade-rescue-capabilities-experts-say. Visited on June 23, 2011.
------, “Inuit to stand together at summit on Arctic resource development,” (February 20, 2011), available at Oilweek Website, http://www.oilweek.com/news.asp?ID=32178. Visited on July 1, 2011.
“Where is the Beaufort Sea Boundary between the U.S. and Canada,” available at Ben Muse Website, http://benmuse.typepad.com/arctic_economics/2009/08/us_canada_beaufort_sea_boundary.html. Visited on November 18, 2010.
“Whose Hans,” available at Canadian Geographic Website, http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/hansisland/. Visited on October 9, 2010.
二、轉引資料
（一）書籍
Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), Impacts of a Warming Arctic: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004).
Booth, Ken and Steve Smith, eds. International Relations Theory Today (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995).
Buzan, Barry, Charles Jones and Richard Little, eds., The Logic of Anarchy: Neorealism to Structural Realism (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993).
Byers, Michael, Intent for a Nation: What is Canada For? (Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre, 2007).
Carlsnaes, Walter Thomas Risse and Beth A. Simmons, eds., Handbook of International Relations (New York: Sage Publications, 2002).
Carnaghan, Matthew and Allison Goody, Canadian Arctic Sovereignty, PRB 05-61E, (Ottawa, Canada: Parliamentary Information and Research Service, Library of Parliament, January 26, 2006).
Carr, E. H, The Twenty’s Crisis 1919-1939: An Introduction to the Study of International Relations (New York: Harper and Row, 1964).
Cashman, Greg, What Causes War? An Introduction to Theories of International Conflict (New York: Maxwell Macmillan International, 1993).
Churchill, Robin Rolf and Alan Vaughan Lowe, The Law of the Sea (UK: Manchester University Press, 1991).
Donnelly, Jack, Realism and International Relation (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
Dougherty, James and Robert Pfaltzgraff, Contending Theories of International Relations (New York: Longman, 2001).
Dufresne, Robert, Controversial Canadian Claims over Arctic Waters and Maritime Zones, PRB 07-47E, (Ottawa, Canada: Parliamentary Information and Research Service, Library of Parliament, January 10, 2008).
Friedmann, Wolfgang G., Oliver J. Lissitzyn and Richard C. Pugh, The International Court of Justice, and Cases and Materials on International Law (Minnesota: West Publishing, 1969).
Gilpin, Robert, War and Change in World Politics (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981).
Hansen, James, R. Ruedy, M. Sato, and K. Lo, Global Surface Temperature Change (New York: NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2010).
Hinsley, Francis Harry, Sovereignty (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1986).
Hobbes, Thomas, Leviathan (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1958).
Huntington, Henry P., Arctic Oil and Gas 2007 (Norway, Oslo: Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme, November 2007).
Keohane, Robert O., After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economic (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1984).
------, ed., Neo-realism and Its Critics ( New York: Columbia University Press, 1986).
Keohane, Robert O. and Joseph S. Nye, Power and Interdependence: World Politics in Transition (New York: Harper Collins Publishers, Second Edition, 1989).
Knight, Gary and Hungdah Chiu, The International Law of the Sea: Cases, Documents and Readings (London and New York: Elsevier Applied Science and UNIFO Publisher Inc., 1991).
Krasner, Stephen D. ed, International Regimes (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1989).
Lubchenco, Jane, NOAA’s Arctic Vision and Strategy (Washington: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2010).
Mapping Agency, Gazetteer of conventional names: names approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names (Washington, D.C.: Defense Mapping Agency, 1988).
Mayer, Larry, Martin Jakobsson and Andrew Armstrong, The Compilation and Analysis of Data Relevant to a U.S. Claim Under United Nations Law of the Sea Article 76: A Preliminary Report, (Durham, New Hampshire: University of New Hampshire Press, May, 2002), available at Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping Joint Hydrographic Center Website, http://ccom.unh.edu/publications/Mayer_02_Compilation_analysis_data_relevant_to_UNCLOS_76.pdf. Visited on November 10, 2010.
Mearsheimer, John J., The Tragedy of Great Power Politics (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001).
Morgenthau, Hans J., Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1948).
------, Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1954).
Niebuhr, Reinhold, Moral Man and Immoral Society（Charles Scribner's Sons, 1932）.
Nye, Jr, Joseph Samuel, Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics (New York: Public Affairs, 2004).
Sagan, Scott D. and Kenneth N. Waltz, The spread of Nuclear Weapons: A Debate Renewed (New York: Norton, 2003).
Sasakawa, Yohei, The Northern Sea Route–The shortest sea route linking East Asia and Europe (Japan: Yoshio Kon, 2001).
Smith, J. Ashley Roach W., United States Responses to Excessive Maritime Claims, 2nd edition (The Hague/Boston/London: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1996).
Smith, Steve, Ken Booth, and Marysia Zalewski, eds., International Theory: Positivism and Beyond (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
Snyder, Jack, Myth of Empire: Domestic Politics and International Ambition (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1991).
Stabrun, Kristoffer, (FNI Report 13/2009), The Grey Zone Agreement of 1978-Fishery Concerns, Security Challenges and Territorial Interests, (Lysaker, Norway: Fridtjof Nansen Institute, December 2009).
Stokke, Olav Schram, (FIPP/R695), “Management of Shared Fish Sticks in the Barents Sea,” Norway-FAO Expert Consultation on the Management of Shared Fish Stocks (FAO Fisheries Report No. 695, Supplement, October 2002).
Struzik, Edward, Northwest Passage: The Quest For An Arctic Route to the East (Toronto: Key Porter Books, 1991).
Wallensteen, Peter, Understanding Conflict Resolution (London: Sage Publications, 2007).
Waltz, Kenneth N., Man, the State and War: A Theoretical Analysis (New York: Columbia University Press, 1959).
------, Theory of International Politics (New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1979).
Wendt, Alexander, Social Theory of International Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).
（二）學術期刊、論文
Aceves, William J., “The Freedom of Navigation Program: A Study of the Relationship between Law and Politics,” Hasting International and Comparative Law Review, Vol. 19 (Winter 1996), pp.277-281.
Ataman, Muhittin, “The Impact of Non-State Actors on World Politics: A Challenge to Nation-States” Alternatives: Turkish Journal of International Relations, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Fall 2003), pp. 42-66.
Austvik, Ole Gunnar, “Oil and Gas in the High North-A Perspective from Norway,” Security Policy Library, No. 4 (September 2006), pp. 3-25.
Buzan, Barry “The Level of Analysis Problem in International Relations,” in Ken Booth and Steve Smith, eds. International Relations Theory Today (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995), pp. 198-216.
Chao, John K. T., “China’s emerging Role in Arctic,” Paper prepare for the Conference of Institutions and Regions in Ocean Governance, Hamburg, Germany, Law of the Sea Institution Conference, October 5th-6th, 2010.
Charron, Andrea, “The Northwest Passage: Is Canada’s sovereignty floating away?” International Journal, Vol. 60, No. 3 (Summer 2005), pp. 831-859.
Checkel, Jeffrey T., “The Constructivism Turn in International Relations Theory,” World Politics, Vol. 50, No. 2 (1998), pp. 324-348.
Churchill, Robin R., “The Barents Sea Loop Hole Agreements: A Coastal State Solution to a Straddling Stock Problem,” The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, Vol. 14, No. 4 (1999), pp. 467-490.
Currie, Duncan E. J., “Sovereignty and Conflict in the Arctic Due to Climate Changes: Climate Change and the Legal Status of the Arctic Ocean,” (August 5, 2007), available at Globelaw Website, http://www.globelaw.com/LawSea/arctic%20claims%20and%20climate%20change.pdf. Visited on September 20, 2010.
Doug, Thomas, “Warship Developments: Arctic/Offshore Patrol Ships,” Canadian Naval Review, Vol. 3, No. 3 (Fall 2007), pp.36-37.
Fearon, James and Alexander Wendt, “Rationalism v. Constructivism: A Skeptical View,” in Walter Carlsnaes, Thomas Risse and Beth A. Simmons, eds., Handbook of International Relations (New York: Sage Publications, 2002), pp. 52-72.
Foster, John Bellamy, “The New Geopolitics of Empire,” Monthly Review, Vol. 57, No. 8 (January 2006), pp. 1-18.
Franxkx, Erik, “The Legal Regime of Navigation in the Russia Arctic,” Florida State University- Journal of Transnational Law and Policy, Vol. 18, No. 2 (Spring 2009), pp. 327-342.
Gray, David H., “Canada’s Unresolved Maritime Boundaries,” IBRU Boundary and Security Bulletin, Vol. 5, No. 3 (Autumn 1997), pp. 61-70.
Gray, H. Peter, “Social Science: Quasi-Science?” Eastern Economic Journal, Vol. 15, No. 4 (October- December, 1989), pp. 273-286.
Hansson, Bengt, “Interdisciplinary: For what Purpose?” Policy Science, Vol. 32 (1999), pp. 339-343.
Hass, Peter M., “Introduction: Epistemic Communities and International Policy Coordination,” International Organization, Vol. 46, No. 1 (1992), pp. 1-35.
Hopf, Ted, “The Promise of Constructivism in International Relations Theory,” International Security, Vol. 23, No. 1 (1998), pp. 171-200.
Huebert, Rob, “Multilateral versus Unilateral Actions: Balancing the needs for International Governance in the New Arctic,” Paper prepare for the Conference of Seeking Balance in a Changing North, Anchorage, Alaska, 5th Northern Research Forum open Assembly, September 24th–27th, 2008.
Isted, Kathryn, “Sovereignty in the Arctic- An Analysis of Territorial Disputes & Environmental Policy Considerations,” Florida State University- Journal of Transnational Law and Policy, Vol. 18, No. 2 (Spring 2009), pp. 343-376.
Johnson, D. H. N., “The Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case,” International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 1, Issue 2 (January 2008), pp. 145-180.
Joyner, Christopher C., “The Legal Regime for the Arctic Ocean,” Florida State University- Journal of Transnational Law and Policy, Vol. 18, No. 2 (Spring 2009), pp. 195-246.
Keohane, Robert O. and Lisa L. Martin, “The Promise of Institutionalist Theory,” International Security, Vol. 20, No. 1 (Summer 1995), pp. 39-51.
Keohane, Robert O., “International Institutes: Two Approaches,” International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 32, No. 4 (1988), pp. 379-396.
------, “The Demand of International Regimes,” in International Regimes, ed. Stephen D. Krasner (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1989), pp. 152-155.
------, “Ideas Part-way Down,” Review of International Studies, Vol. 26, No. 1 (2000), pp. 125-130.
Klein, Julie Thompson, “A Platform for a shared discourse of interdisciplinary education,” Journal of Social Science Education, Vol. 5, No. 2 (September 2006), pp. 10-18.
Lapid,Yoself, “The Third Debate: On the Prospects of International Theory in a Post-Positivism Era,” International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 33 (1989), pp. 235-254.
Legro, Jeffrey W. and Andrew Moravcsik, “Is Anybody Still a Realist?” International Security, Vol. 24, No. 2 (1999), pp. 5-55.
Magnusson, Bjarni Mar, “The Loop Hole Dispute from an Icelandic Perspective,” Institute of International Affairs Centre for Small State Studies, Occasional Paper (Winter 2010), pp.1-28.
McDorman, Ted L., “The Continental Shelf Beyond 200 NM- Law and the Politics in the Arctic Ocean,” Florida State University- Journal of Transnational Law and Policy, Vol. 18, No. 2 (Spring 2009), pp. 155-194.
Mearsheimer, John J., “Back to the Future: Instability in Europe After the Cold War,” International Security, Vol. 15, No. 1 (Summer 1990), pp. 5-56.
------, “Why We Will Soon Miss the Cold War,” The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 266, No. 2 (August 1990), pp. 35-50.
------, “The False Promise of International Institutions,” International Security, Vol. 19, No. 3 (Winter 1994/1995), pp. 5-49.
------, "Reckless States and Realism," International Relations, Vol. 23, No. 2 (June 2009), pp. 241-256.
Molenaar, E. J., “Arctic Marine Shipping-Overview of the International Legal Framework, GAPS and Options,” Florida State University- Journal of Transnational Law and Policy, Vol. 18, No. 2 (Spring 2009), pp. 289-326.
Moravcsik, Andrew, “Taking Preference Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics,” International Organization, Vol. 51. No. 4 (1997), pp. 513-553.
Neumann, Thilo, “Norway and Russia Agree on Maritime Boundary in the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean,” The American Society of International Law, Vol. 14, Issue 34 (November 9, 2010), available at ASIL Website, http://asil.org/files/2010/insights/insights_101109.pdf. Visited on November 24, 2010.
Petoukhov, Vladimir, and Vladimir A. Semenov, “Global Warming could cool down temperatures in winter,” (November 16, 2010), available at Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Website, http://www.pik-potsdam.de/news/press-releases/global-warming-could-cool-down-temperatures-in-winter. Visited on January 1, 2011.
Pharand, Donat, “The Arctic Waters and the Northwest Passage: A Final Revisit,” Ocean Development and international Law, Vol. 38, Issue1 & 2 (January 2007), pp. 3-18.
Ross, Robert S., “The Geography of the Peace: East Asia in the Twenty-first Century,” International Security, Vol. 23, No. 4 (Spring 1999), pp. 81-118.
Saundra, Middleton, “Revisiting the Northern Sea Route,” Alaska Business Monthly, (April 1, 2000), available at All Business Website, http://www.allbusiness.com/north-america/united-states-alaska/527545-1.html. Visited on December 17, 2010.
Singer, David J., “The Level of Analysis Problem in International Relations,” World Politics, Vol. 14, No. 1, (October, 1961), pp. 77-92.
Smith, Keith, “Russia Energy Policy and Its Challenge to Western Policy Makers,” Security Policy Library, No. 4 (September 2006), pp. 26-45.
Stein, Arthur A., “Coordination and Collaboration: Regimes in an Anarchic World,” International Organization, Vol. 36, No. 2 (Spring 1982), pp. 299-324.
Waltz, Kenneth N., “International Politics is not Foreign Policy,” Security Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1 (1996), pp. 54-57.
------, “Structural Realism after the Cold War,” International Security, Vol. 25, No. 1 (2000), pp. 5-41.
Wendt, Alexander, “The Agent-Structure Problem in International Relations Theories,” International Organizations, Vol. 41, No. 3 (1987), pp. 335-370.
Whiteman, Marjorie M., “Conference on the Law of the Sea: Convention on the Continental Shelf,” American Journal of International Law Vol. 52, No. 4, (October 1958), pp. 629-659.
（三）學位論文
Jelinski, Cameron, Diplomacy and the Lomonosov Ridge: Prospects for International Cooperation in the Arctic, Master of Arts in Political Science, University of British Columbia (Canada Vancouver: August 2010).
參、參訪網站資料
一、政府官網
聯合國：http://www.un.org/en/
聯合國大陸礁層界限委員會：http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/clcs_home.htm
北極理事會http://www.arctic-council.org/
南極條約秘書處：http://www.ats.aq/index_e.htm
常設國際法院：http://www.icj-cij.org/pcij/index.php?p1=9
美國海洋暨大氣總署：http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/reportcard/index.html
美國外大陸礁層調查計畫官網：http://continentalshelf.gov/
美國中央情報局：https://www.cia.gov/index.html
美國地質調查局：http://www.usgs.gov/
加拿大最高法院：http://scc.lexum.org/en/index.html
加拿大外交事務暨國際貿易部：http://www.international.gc.ca/international/index.aspx?lang=eng
加拿大環境部：http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=FD9B0E51-1
加拿大國防部：http://www.forces.gc.ca/site/home-accueil-eng.asp
挪威內閣政府：http://www.regjeringen.no/nb.html?id=4
挪威外交部：http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/ud.html?id=833
挪威駐聯合國代表處：http://www.norway-un.org/NorwayandUN/
挪威漁業暨海岸事務部：http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/fkd.html?id=257
Svalbard自治政府：http://www.sysselmannen.no/hoved.aspx?m=44365
丹麥國家檔案局：http://www.sa.dk/content/us/
格陵蘭自治政府：http://uk.nanoq.gl/
俄羅斯交通部：http://www.morflot.ru/about/poloj/
二、新聞網、學術機構、非政府組織
（一）新聞網
路透社：http://www.reuters.com/
加拿大溫哥華日報：http://www.vancouversun.com/index.html
加拿大CBC新聞網：http://www.cbc.ca/news/
加拿大Globe and Mail新聞網：http://www.theglobeandmail.com/
加拿大Troy Media新聞網：http://www.troymedia.com/
加拿大SIKU新聞網：http://www.sikunews.com/
英國BBC新聞網：http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/
英國Guardian新聞網：http://www.guardian.co.uk/
英國Mail and Guardian新聞網：http://mg.co.za/
美國CNN新聞網：http://edition.cnn.com/
美國華盛頓郵報：http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national.html?nid=top_news
美國New York Time新聞網：http://www.nytimes.com/
美國阿拉斯加州Anchorage Daily News新聞網：http://www.adn.com/news/alaska/
美國All Business新聞網：http://www.allbusiness.com/
美國阿拉斯加州快電新聞網：http://www.alaskadispatch.com/
美國基督科學觀察新聞網：http://www.csmonitor.com/
美國SPIEGEL新聞網：http://www.spiegel.de/international/
美國MSN新聞網：http://www.msnbc.msn.com/
俄羅斯RIA NOVOSTI新聞網：http://en.rian.ru/
挪威Aftenposten新聞網：http://www.aftenposten.no/
（二）學術機構
美國德州大學阿靈頓分校：http://www.lib.utexas.edu/
美國華盛頓大學：http://www.washington.edu/
美國沿岸與海洋聯合水文繪製調查中心：http://ccom.unh.edu/index.php?p=&page=home.php
美國國際法學會：http://www.asil.org/index.cfm
美國外交政策協會：http://foreignpolicyblogs.com/
美國戰爭國際法協會：http://lawofwar.org/index.html
美國Globe Law學術網：http://www.globelaw.com/index.html
加拿大地理協會：http://www.gac.ca/
加拿大學者Michael Byers個人學術網站：http://byers.typepad.com/arctic/2008/11/we-can-settle-this-lets-trade-oil-for-fish.html#more
加拿大全球研究基金會：http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=section§ionName=about
比利時OSW東方研究中心：http://www.osw.waw.pl/en
瑞典Nordregio研究中心：http://www2.scriptor.no/nordregio/default.asp
德國：Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research：http://www.pik-potsdam.de/
全球武力評鑑：http://www.globalfirepower.com/
（三）非政府機構
美國American Model United Nations非政府組織：http://www.amun.org/index.php?page=home
美國Ben Muse基金會：http://benmuse.typepad.com/ben_muse/
美國ABOUT知識網：http://www.about.com/
加拿大地理雜誌：http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/
加拿大探索北極網：http://explorenorth.com/index.html
加拿大百科網：http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=HomePage&Params=A1
學術辭典與百科網：http://en.academic.ru/index.php
全球Private Island Online網：http://www.privateislandsonline.com/