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題名:虛擬實境美髮與衛生技能訓練之系統設計與應用研究
作者:許煌珠
作者(外文):HSU,HUANG-CHU
校院名稱:亞洲大學
系所名稱:數位媒體設計學系
指導教授:謝省民
張榮吉
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2020
主題關鍵詞:虛擬實境技能訓練數位科技科技接受心流體驗學習成效Virtual RealitySkill trainingDigital TechnologyTechnology Acceptance ModelFlow TheoryLearning Effectiveness
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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近年來,數位科技應用於課堂教學與自我學習有著明顯的成效;而在美髮技藝訓練課程中,較缺乏使用新媒材來輔助教學與學習應用的案例。現今在專業技能實務操作上,多使用影片或實體拍照的方式,往往造成學習上的盲點。美髮專業技能的培育,需要反覆的訓練與觀摩;而虛擬實境科技應用於環境模擬與互動體驗已經有很多成功的案例,對於美髮技藝訓練的實驗是新的嘗試。
本研究開發「虛擬實境美髮與衛生技能實作訓練」系統為美髮技藝課程輔助教具。並探究運用此系統於課堂教學,對其學習者的學習成就與動機的影響。實驗對象以北部某時尚造型科60位學生為樣本,將其分為兩組,實驗組學生接受多媒體輔助教具學習,控制組學生則接受傳統教學法,茲就認知、技能、情意三方面,歸納實驗結果如下:
認知面:由學習成就測驗平均數差異t檢定分析結果得知,剪髮技能在認知面達到顯著差異;顯示實施不同教學法,對美髮與衛生專業學科能力表現上有所影響。而在衛生認知面並無顯著差異,但從後測成績學習成效上亦有明顯差異。因此,就本研究的實驗結果,在專業學科知識習得上,導入科技輔助教學之成績顯著提升。由此可見,結合虛擬實境的學習方式,對學習成效的提升有助益。
情意面:學習者運用「虛擬實境美髮與衛生技能實作訓練」系統學習後,其學習動機顯著增進,且對於本系統的科技接受度與心流狀態的各分量表皆達到中位數以上的表現。實驗也發現心流狀態與科技接受度具有正相關,多數學習者對於科技融入教學持正面肯定的態度。
技能面:在專業技能相關層面上,兩組由平均數差異t檢定分析結果得知,剪髮技能面未達到顯著差異。其原因是剪髮技能的習得並非一朝一夕即可速成,且特別強調「實際接觸」的重要性。因此相較於傳統教學方式,虛擬實境教學系統輔以傳統教學模式,更加能提升剪髮技能操作面的專業能力。在衛生技能面則有顯著差異,虛擬實境身歷其境的學習過程,能提供學習者反覆練習的機會,藉此熟稔實作技能操作程序與步驟,進而能確實掌握各項知識和技能,並在實作中應用自如。可見運用「虛擬實境美髮與衛生技能實作訓練」系統輔助教學,能更有效的提升實作技能。
整體而言,這套虛擬實境輔助教學系統,經由建立正確的技能學習步驟及流程,透過系統的「提示與回饋」,即刻辨識操作步驟的正確性,以提升學習者技能學習的信心與強化其學習成效。不僅延續美髮技術實務部分的熟練度、理解度及清晰度,更有助於減少美髮與衛生技能訓練所需要的練習材料。相較於傳統的教學法,本研究所開發的這套教學輔助系統,將更能考量學習者的個別差異,落實以學習者為中心的教育精神。
In recent years, the digital technology applied in teaching and self-learning has achieved remarkable results. In the course of hairdressing skills training, they usually lack of cases that new media materials are applied to assist teaching and learning. In the professional skills practice nowadays, the ways of film or solid photography that most of them have used often cause blind spots in learning. The cultivation of hairdressing skills requires repeated training and observation. There are many successful cases that virtual reality technologies are applied to environmental simulation and interactive experience. The experiment of hairdressing skills training is regarded as a new attempt.
The study has developed "Virtual Reality Hair and Hygiene Skills Training" system as an auxiliary teaching aid for hairdressing skills courses and also explored the impact of using this system in classroom teaching on learners' achievement and motivation. The experimental subject took 60 students from a fashion modeling department in northern Taiwan as a sample and they were divided into two groups. The experimental group received multimedia-assisted teaching aids, while the control group received traditional teaching methods. The experimental results are as follows :
Cognitive aspect : according to the t-test analysis result of the average difference of the learning achievement test, the hair cutting skills have reached a significant difference in the cognitive aspect ; it has indicated that different teaching methods have impacts on the professional capability performance of hairdressing and hygiene courses. There was no significant difference in hygiene cognition, but Experimental Group was better than Control Group in subsequent test scores, and the learning effectiveness is also improved significantly. Therefore, based on the experimental results of the study, in the acquisition of professional course knowledge, the achievement of introducing technology-assisted teaching has been improved significantly. It can be seen that the learning method integrated with Virtual Reality will help to improve the learning effectiveness.
Feelings aspect : after the learner learned by applying "Virtual Reality Hairdressing Hygiene Skills Training" system, his learning motivation had significantly improved, and the system's technological acceptance and all aspects of the state of flow have reached above the median which was performed. The experiment also found that the state of flow is positively related to the acceptance of science and technology, and most learners had a positive attitude towards the integration of science and technology into teaching.
Skills aspect : at the level of professional skills, it is learned from the mean t-test analysis of the two groups that the haircut skills did not have a significant difference. The reason is that the acquisition of hair cutting skills does not happen overnight, and the importance of "Actual Contact" is particularly emphasized. Therefore, in comparison with the traditional teaching method, Virtual Reality teaching system supplemented with the traditional teaching mode can further improve the professional capability in the field of haircutting operation. There are significant differences in hygiene skills. The immersive learning process of Virtual Reality can provide learners with opportunities to practice repeatedly. Therefore, they can be much familiar with the procedures and steps of skill operations. They can then truly grasp the knowledge and skills and apply it freely in implementation. It can be seen that the application of "Virtual Reality Hairdressing and Hygiene Skills Practice Training" system to assist teaching can improve the practice skills more effectively.
On the whole, this set of Virtual Reality assisted teaching system, by establishing the correct skills learning steps and processes, through the system's "Tips and Feedback", instantly identify the correctness of the operation steps, in order to improve learners, confidence and strengthen their effectiveness of the skills learning. It has not only continued their proficiency, understanding and clarity of the practical part of hairdressing technology, but also helped to reduce the practice materials required for hairdressing and hygiene skills training. In comparison with the traditional teaching method, this set of teaching aid system developed by this institute will be able to consider the individual differences of learners and implement the learner-centered educational spirit.
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