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題名:家庭社經地位、家庭資本、教養行為與幼兒認知發展關係之研究
作者:謝曉穎
作者(外文):XIE, XIAO-YING
校院名稱:國立臺南大學
系所名稱:教育學系教育經營與管理碩博士班
指導教授:黃秀霜
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2022
主題關鍵詞:家庭經濟資本家庭文化資本家庭社會資本教養行為幼兒認知發展family economic capitalfamily cultural capitalfamily social capitalparenting behaviorchildren's cognitive development
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本研究旨在探討家庭社經地位、家庭資本、教養行為與幼兒認知發展之關係,藉以瞭解影響幼兒認知發展的家庭因素,促進幼兒之認知發展。研究採用調查法,編製家庭社經地位、家庭資本、教養行為與幼兒認知發展問卷,對福建省1204個5-7周歲大班幼兒家庭進行調查。所得資料分析方法包括描述性統計分析、獨立樣本t考驗及單因子變異數分析、皮爾森相關分析、共線性分析以及結構方程模式分析,得出如下結論:
1.家庭經濟資本、家庭社會資本、幼兒認知發展皆處於中上水平,家庭文化資本處於中下水平,教養行為處於中等水平。
2.不同背景變項(家庭所在地、家庭社經地位、家庭結構、幼兒年齡、幼兒性別、家庭孩童數)分別在各類家庭資本、教養行為及幼兒認知發展上均存在部分差異。
3.各類家庭資本量表、教養行為量表及幼兒認知發展量表之信度、效度均良好。
4.家庭資本、教養行為及幼兒認知發展之結構方程模式在與城鄉家庭、城市家庭、鄉村家庭三類樣本之觀察資料的適配上皆良好。
5.三類樣本中家庭經濟資本、家庭社會資本對教養行為皆具有直接影響。
6.城鄉和鄉村樣本中家庭文化資本對教養行為皆具有直接影響。
7.城鄉與城市樣本中家庭經濟資本對幼兒認知發展皆具有直接影響。
8.城市家庭社會資本、教養行為對幼兒認知發展皆具有直接影響。
9.城市家庭經濟資本透過教養行為對幼兒認知發展產生間接影響。
10.城市家庭社會資本透過教養行為對幼兒認知發展產生間接影響。
基於以上研究結論,為促進幼兒認知發展提出針對性的實務建議,並對未來研究提出了相關建議。
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among family socioeconomic status, family capital, parenting behavior and children's cognitive development, so as to understand the family factors affecting children's cognitive development and promote children's cognitive development. A questionnaire on family social economic status, family capital, parenting behavior and children's cognitive development was developed to investigate 1204 families of children aged 5-7 years old in Fujian Province. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, chi-square test, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, collinearity analysis and structural equation model analysis, and the conclusions were as follows:
1.The family economic capital, family social capital and children's cognitive development were all in the upper middle level, the family cultural capital was in the lower middle level, and the parenting behavior was in the middle level.
2.There were some differences in various types of family capital, parenting behavior and children's cognitive development among different background variables (family location, family socioeconomic status, family structure, children 's age, children 's gender, and number of children in the family).
3.The reliability and validity of family capital scale, parenting behavior scale and children's cognitive development scale were good.
4.The structural equation models of family capital, parenting behavior and children's cognitive development fit well with the observed data of urban and rural families, urban families and rural families.
5.In the three types of samples, family economic capital and family social capital both had a direct impact on parenting behavior.
6.In the sample of urban and rural and the sample of rural, family cultural capital both had a direct impact on parenting behavior.
7.In the sample of urban and rural and the sample of urban, family economic capital both had a direct impact on children's cognitive development.
8.Both social capital and parenting behavior of urban families had a direct impact on children's cognitive development.
9.The economic capital of urban families had an indirect impact on children's cognitive development through parenting behavior.
10.The social capital of urban families had an indirect impact on children's cognitive development through parenting behavior.
Based on the above conclusions, the study put forward specific practical suggestions for promoting children's cognitive development and relevant suggestions for future research.
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