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題名：幼兒情緒知多少？--百位幼兒情緒報告書
書刊名：臺東師院學報
作者：簡淑真
作者(外文)：Chien, Shu-jane
出版日期：2001
卷期：12(上)
頁次：頁45-70
主題關鍵詞：幼兒情緒；情緒辨識；情緒表達；喜怒哀樂；Emotion awareness；Expressiveness；Young children；Taiwanese
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:7
  • 共同引用共同引用:4
  • 點閱點閱:428
　　　　　為了了解幼兒辨識首表達情緒的狀況，本研究請101個四到六歲幼兒，描述11個情 緒臉譜的情緒，及說明其在15個幼兒常有的情境中的情緒及身體反應。整理後，可得下列重 要結論: 一、幼兒對情緒的察覺及表達，會隨年齡增長漸趨豐富與精緻。 二、幼兒對情緒臉譜的辨識與描述，在五歲左右即能以喜掔研樂四類核心情緒來區別。若將 之放置在情境中，大部份六歲左右幼兒能細分11個臉譜的差異(極非四種情緒而已)。 三、幼兒在各情緒中的情緒辨識和表達，在五歲左右即能做相當清楚的描述。且無論是言詞 或身體的描述，六歲左右幾乎都能完成任務，但四歲左右則有一半以上回答不出來。 四、在正向(如收到禮物、得獎品)情緒，和清楚的「生氣」或「害怕」情境，情境感受及表達 都較一致;有競爭的情境(如媽媽只照顧弟弟、別人過生日、想幫忙卻被罵)，多出現多重情緒， 但大部份六歲組幼兒能描述這些情緒，四歲組則較困難。 五、情緒表達，常用「快樂、高興、開心、愉快、得意」等字詞表正向情緒;用「生氣、難過、 委曲、傷心、嚇一跳」字詞表負向情緒。身體動作則有「笑、跳、叫、走上去」表正向情緒， 「哭、握拳、跳腳、踢、發抖、躲」表負向情緒。 六、大部分的幼兒都會和人分享情緒。最常分享的人依序是「媽、爸、老師、朋友」，最常分 享的事，對媽是「驕傲」、對爸和老師、朋有是「高興」。生氣、難過也會分享，但比例少很 多。
　　　　　 In order to understand children' s awareness and expressiveness of emotion, 101 4 to 6 year-old kindergarthns were enrolled in this study. Human face pictures illustrating emotions, were presented to the children in 15 story contexts. Children were asked to tell what the emotion was and to express their judgement about it. The main findings are as following: 1.The emotional awareness and expressiveness for young children develop with age. 2.In the 4-5 year-olds, their categorization of human emotion was based on 4nasic emotions: happiness, anger, sadness, and joy. When children get older, their ability to differentlate facial expressions improves. In this study, the 6-yeaar-olds can tell the minor differences of by reading pictures in corresponding story contexts. 3.Most children over 5 were able to clearly and accurately describe the emotion they perceive in each story context. Only 50% of children under 5, however, could achieve the same as their counterparts over 5. 4.When the story contexts was related to "getting gifts/rewards", "being angry", "being fearful," children tended to have consensus without hesitation. If the story context was about "competition" or "comparison", such as "mommy takes care of younger brother only," "my friend's birthday party," or "I wanted to help but was turned down," children's responses were quite different. They often expressed multiple emotions toward a same story. For children under 5, they had difficulties to express what they perceive in these somewhat sophisticate stories. 5.The words children tended to use to describe positive feelings are: happy, glad, joyful, and honorable; for negative feelings are: angry, sad, scared, fearful and anxious. Children also expressed their feelings by observable behaviors. They smiled, laughed, jumped and running around when good thins happened; cried or hide away when in the bad. 6.Most children were willing to share their feelings with others. The rank of people they felt safe to share are parents, teachers, and friends. They are more willing to share their proud and happiness than anger and sadness.
期刊論文
1.Fabes, Richard A.、Eisenberg, Nancy(1992)。Young Children's Coping with Interpersonal Anger。Child Development，63(1)，116-128。  new window
2.Putallaz, Martha、Gottman, John M.(1981)。An Interactional Model of Children's Entry into Peer Groups。Child Development，52(3)，986-994。  new window
3.Thompson, Ross A.(1994)。Emotion Regulation: A Theme in Search of Definition。Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development，59(2/3)=240，25-52。  new window
4.Bretherton, Inge、Fritz, J.、Zahn-Waxler, C.、Ridgeway, D.(1986)。Learning to Talk about Emotions: A Functionalist Perspective。Child Development，57(3)，529-548。  new window
5.Harter, Susan、Buddin, Bonnie Johns(1987)。Children's Understanding of the Simultaneity of Two Emotions: A Five-Stage Developmental Acquisition Sequence。Developmental Psychology，23(3)，388-399。  new window
6.Ekman, Paul、Levenson, Robert W.、Friesen, Wallace V.(1983)。Autonomic Nervous System Activity Distinguishes Among Emotions。Science，221(4616)，1208-1210。  new window
7.Izard, C. E.、Hembree, E. A.、Huebner, R. R.(1987)。Infants' emotion expressions to acute pain: Developmental change and stability of individual differences。Developmental Psychology，23(1)，105-113。  new window
8.章淑婷(19930500)。幼兒情緒教育之探討。幼兒教育學報，2，139-165。  延伸查詢new window
9.章淑婷(19930500)。幼兒對情緒世界的認知。幼兒教育年刊，6，261-284。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.Malatesta, C. Z.、Culver, C.、Tesman, J. R.、Shepard, B.(1989)。The development of emotion expression during the first two years of life。Monographs of the Society for Research in ChiId Development，54(1/2)，1-136。  new window
11.Dunn, J.、Brown, J.、Beardsall, L.(1991)。Family Talk about Feeling States and Children's Later Understanding of Others' Emotions。Developmental Psychology，27(3)，448-455。  new window
12.Fogel, A.、Thelen, E.(1984)。Development of early expressive and communicative action: Reinterpreting the evidence from a dynamic systems perspective。Developmental Psychology，23(6)，747-761。  new window
13.Goleman, Daniel(1996)。Emotional Intelligence. Why It Can Matter More than IQ。Learning，24(6)，49-50。  new window
14.Malatesta, C. Z.、Haviland, J. M.(1982)。Learning Display Rules: The Socialization of. Emotion Expression in Infancy。Child Development，53(4)，991-1003。  new window
15.Malatesta, C. Z.(1988)。The role of emotions in the development and organization of personality。Socioemotional development，1-56。  new window
16.Malatesta, C. Z.(1981)。Infant Emotion and the Vocal Affect Lexicon。Motivation and Emotion，5(1)，1-23。  new window
17.Murphy, Bridget C.、Eisenberg, Nancy(1996)。Provoked by a Peer: Children's Anger-Related Responses and Their Relations to Social Functioning。Merrill-Palmer Quarterly，42(1)，103-124。  new window
18.Saarni, C.(1979)。Children's Understanding of Display Rules for Expressive Behavior。Developmental Psychology，15(4)，424-429。  new window
19.Bower, G. H.(1981)。Mood and memory。American Psychologist，36(2)，129-148。  new window
20.Hubbard, Julie A.、Coie, John D.(1994)。Emotional Correlates of Social Competence in Children's Peer Relationships。Merrill-Palmer Quarterly，40(1)，1-20。  new window
會議論文
1.Ekman, Paul(1972)。Universals and Cultural Differences in Facial Expressions of Emotion。Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1971。Lincoln, NE：University of Nebraska Press。207-283。  new window
2.簡淑真(1999)。情緒是可以教的嗎？。幼兒教育研究研討會。國立台東師範學院幼兒教育系。  延伸查詢new window
3.Camras, L. A.(1988)。Darwin revisited: An infant's first emotional facial expressions。Emotional expressions in infants: New perssions on an old controversy. International Conference on Infant Studies。Washington, DC。  new window
4.Hyson, M. C.、Lee, M.(1992)。Building a professional knowledge base for an emotion-centered early childhood curriculum。The annual confernce of the National Association for the Education of Young Children。New Orleans。  new window
研究報告
1.雷庚玲(1996)。情緒在依戀控制系統中的角色 (計畫編號：NSC84-2413-H002-003)。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.鄭麗文(1993)。學前兒童區辨真實感受與表面情緒的能力之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學，臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
2.徐大偉(1992)。理情團體諮商對國小情緒困擾兒童理性思考、情緒反應、生活適應之效果研究(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.周金春(1991)。兒童理解多重情緒的能力--對兩種情緒同時存在的理解(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.鄭欣宜(1992)。學齡前後兒童的道德情緒與道德認知間關係研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Harris, Paul L.(1989)。Children and Emotion: The Development of Psychological Understanding。Oxford：Basil Blackwell。  new window
2.Izard, C. E.(1991)。The Psychology of Emotions。New York：Plenum。  new window
3.Buhler, C. M.(1974)。The first year of life。Westport, CT：Greenwood Press。  new window
4.Ekman, P.、Friesen, W. V.、Ellsworth, P.(1972)。Emotion in the Human Face: Guidelines for Research and an Integration of Findings。New York：Pergamon Press。  new window
5.Eisenberg, N.、Fabes, R. A.(1992)。Emotion and Its Regulation in Early Development。San Francisco：Jossey-Bass。  new window
6.Garber, J.、Dodge, K. A.(1991)。The development of emotion regulation and dysregulation。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
7.Shapiro, M. S.(1983)。Child's Garden: The Kindergarten Movement from Froebel to Dewey。University Park：Pennsylvania State University Press。  new window
8.Plutchik, R.(1991)。The Emotions: Facts, Theories and a New Model。Lanham, MD：University Press of America。  new window
9.Saarni, C.(1989)。Children's Understanding of Emotion。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
10.Izard, Carroll E.(1977)。Human Emotions。Plenum Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Saami, C.(1990)。Emotional competence: How emotions and relationships become integrated。Nebraska symposium on motivation,1988: Socioemotional development。Lincoln：University of Nebraska Press。  new window
2.Izard, C. E.、Malatesta, C. Z.(1987)。Perspectives on emotional development I: Differential emotions theory of early emotional development。Handbook of infant development。John Wiley & Sons。  new window
3.Scherer, K. R.(1979)。Nonlinguistic vocal indicators of emotion and psychopathology。Emotions in personality and psychopathology。New York：Plenum。  new window
4.Bornstein, M. H.、Gaughran, J. M.、Homel, P.(1986)。Infant temperament: Theory, tradition, critique, and new assessments。Measuring emotions in infants and children。New York：Cambridge University press。  new window
5.Stein, N. L.、Jewett, J. L.(1986)。A conceptual analysis of the meaning of negative emotions: implications for a theory of development。Measuring emotions in infants and children。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
6.Campos, J. J.、Barrett, K.、Lamb, M. E.、Goldsmith, H.、Stenberg, C. R.(1983)。Socioemotional development。Handbook of child psychology: Infancy and development psychology。New York：Wiley。  new window
7.Bullock, M.、Russell, J. A.(1986)。Concepts of emotion in developmental psychology。Measuring emotions in infants and children。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
8.Dunn, J.(1991)。Relationships, talk about feelings, and the development of affect regulation in early childhood。The development of emotion regulation and dysregulation。New York：Cambridge university Press。  new window
9.Fogel, A.、Reimers, M.(1989)。On the psychobiology of emotions and their development。The Development of Emotion Expression during the First Two Years of Life。  new window
10.Ttevarthen, C.(1984)。Emotions in infancy: Regulators of contact and relationships with persons。Approaches to emotion。Hillsdale, NJ：Erlbaum。  new window
11.Izard, C. E.、Kobak, R. R.(1991)。Emotions system functioning and emotion regulation。The devdlopment of emotion regulation and dysregulation。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
12.Klinnert, M. D.、Sorce, J.、Emde, R. N.、Stenberg, C.、Gaensbauer, T. J.(1984)。Continuities and changes in early affective life: Maternal perceptions of surprise。Continuities and discontinuities in development。New York：Plenum。  new window
13.Ricks, D.(1979)。Making sense of experience to make sensible sounds。Before speech。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
14.Manstead, A. S. R.(1992)。Gender differences in emotion。Handbook of individual differences: Biological perspectives。Chichester, England：Wiley。  new window
 
 
 
 
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