本文旨在說明國民中學學生基本學力測驗從開始研發至今，為因應不同階段的變化與發展，所提出的相對應規劃與對。並藉由回顧過往歷史發展的過程中，整理出執行此計畫歷程中所累積的標準化測驗編製經驗、量尺計分系統的建置、一綱多本的試題版本檢核、寫作測驗的評分機制及所開發建置的資訊系統與相關的研究資源。希望能藉由本文的提出，能提昇國內學習成就標準化測驗相關技術的研究。最後並提出基本學力測的後續定位與展望。

　　This article provides an overview of the development of the Basic Competence Test (BCTEST). As an important part of the reform for secondary education in Taiwan, BCTEST is a standardized test designed to measure the educational achievement of junior high school graduates. To ensure high reliability and validity of this assessment, we established a complete test construction procedure and continue to refine it throughout the years. This paper puts emphasis on the following components: the test item developing and banking procedure, computer-assisted test assembly, the scaling method, and the scoring mechanism of the Chinese writing assessment, as well as its related on-line scoring system. Information from this paper is expected to offer useful and valuable insights into hands-on design and operation of large-scale standardized testing for test practitioners and psychometric researchers. Finally, with the possible implementation of a twelve-year compulsory education program in the near future, the BCTEST is sure to take on a more important role in the new educational evaluation and admission policy system.