”Collected Diaries of Wang-Cheng Huang” (11 volumes already published) is by far the most important and voluminous collection of diaries in Taiwanese literature. From the books mentioned in the diaries, this article aims to reconstruct the thinking process in which Taiwanese intelligentsia under Japanese rule formed their system of knowledge by selecting, transforming, and recombining the materials they read. Their spiritual world was full of thoughts closely related to their social circle as well as the historical context. For example, with the change in political situation, Wang-Cheng Huang's views came to a turning point in 1920. Before this period, the books on his reading list were mainly related to poetry and education; however, after he joined the Taiwan Culture Association and ”Taiwan Min Bao” in the 1920s-when capitalist and imperialist colonial rules were dominant-he became more influenced by socialist writings and novels written in vernacular Chinese. In other words, his reading preference corresponded to the pattern of many other Taiwanese elites at that time: displaying growing concern with current events, and valuing the importance of enlightening the ordinary people, despite being limited by government censorship. In addition, this article analyzes some interesting new materials, including those related to the collection and research of Taiwanese poems and the reproduction of Chinese literary works by Taiwanese newspapers and magazines. Finally, this article also identifies several mistakes in the explanatory notes of the diaries. It is recommended that the rest of the diaries take these corrections into consideration before their publication.