本研究以台灣1976 年至2014 年之年資料為實證分析對象，探討所得分配、貿易依存度、自有住宅與家戶移轉性收入間之長短期關係。首先，透過Johansen 共整合檢定與向量誤差修正模型估計，發現吉尼係數、貿易依存度、自有住宅與移轉性收入間存在長期均衡關係。此外，因果關係檢定結果顯示吉尼係數與貿易依存度對自有住宅存在單向因果關係；自有住宅則與移轉性收入存在雙向因果關係。因此，根據本文實證結果，本研究建議政府應注重貿易受損產業之升級轉型與資本集中趨勢等結構化改革策略，並落實福利制度之施行，以避免所得分配差距之惡化。

This research took Taiwan's yearly data from 1976 to 2014 for an empirical analysis of the long-term and short-term relationship of income distribution, trade dependence, and owner-occupied housing with household transfer incomes. To begin with, the Johansen cointegration test and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) were used for the empirical estimation, which result showed that there existed a long-term equilibrium relationship among the Gini coefficient, trade dependence, owner-occupied housing ratio and transfer incomes. Furthermore, the causality test showed the Gini coefficient and trade dependence had unidirectional causality with owner-occupied housing; while the causality between owner-occupied housing and transfer incomes is bidirectional. Based on the empirical results, this research suggest that the government should look into the upgrade and transformation of trade-impaired industries and set up strategies to structurally renovate capital concentration, and solidly implement social welfare practices in order to avoid deterioration of income distribution gap.