布農族梅山部落所經歷的社會文化變遷現象，無疑地反映了臺灣地區在經濟快速 發展過程中的一種普遍現象。即使位處山區，區位條件的改善，只會加速此一變遷現象的發 展；促使生產活動轉變，日常生活則趨向平地化。 當人們的生計不再以土地為唯一依託時，新的文化內涵便相應而生。年輕一代紛紛離鄉工作 ，不離鄉者也被迫離土；土地生產則趨向粗放經營，更是背離了傳統的人地關係。 政府的土地政策，似乎助長了原住民傳統社會文化的解體。經濟生活條件的改善，反而將平 地社會的問題帶入山鄉。若能以原住民的立場為準，在經濟生活上，提供留鄉的有利條件， 則當可疏緩離鄉、離土所帶來的社會與經濟等問題。

　　　　　The phenomenon of the social and cultural changes as experienced by Punong tribe in Mei Shan undoubtedly reflects a common phenomenon in the rapid economic development process in Taiwan area. Even though the tribe is at the mountain area, the improvement of the location conditions can only accelerate the development of this phenomenon of changes, bring about the change of the production activities and make the daily life tend to be Han-like. When land is no more the only dependence of people's livelihood, new cultural context rises up accordingly. The young generation successively leave their hometown for work. Those who do not leave their hometown are also forced to leave their land. Land production has inclined to extensive operation, which is even more deviated from the traditional man-land relationship. The land policy of the government seems to have encouraged the disintegration of the aborigines' traditional society and culture. The improvement of economic and living conditions contrarily brings the problems of non-aboriginal society to the mountain area. If the standpoint of the aborigines is taken as the standard, and those who are willing to stay in the hometwon are given favorable conditions for economic lives, then the social and economic problems brought by departure from hometwon and land can be alleviated.