In the field of material culture research,anthropology and folkloristics either put emphasis on the ontology,the structure and the function of material culture,or on the"grammar rules"behind material culture,or on the heritage of material culture,both of which have their own discipline pursuits and research interest,and do their research respectively.In this process,anthropology developed the theory of"total presentation"represented by Marcel Mauss,and folklore developed the theory of"material behavior"represented by Michael Owen Jones.The former emphasizes the sociality of material,and the latter emphasizes its culture,inheritance and concerns of people.Drawing on the virtues of the two theories,"material relations"regards material as the central part of human practice,and places it in the organic system of natural ecology,material,people,society,through which to do integrate research on people and culture."The four-tier structures of material culture",under the concept of"material relations"is the basic framework of material culture ethnographic research and writing,which is proposed as the basis of material,or material research.