綜合分析清代涇渭清濁的年內差異，可以發現涇清渭濁、涇濁渭清均較常見，涇渭二水在交匯處孰清孰濁並非恒定不變，亦非總是涇渭分明。然而，乾隆皇帝將《詩經》中"涇以渭濁" 認定為涇清渭濁，奉命實地考察的官員亦得出相同結論，這一認知、調查以及御制詩文遂被鐫諸碑石，拓片則欽賜王公大吏，以期達到吏治規訓等目的，並對後人解讀該詩句及辨識涇渭清濁產生了直接影響。以此為個案，嘗試既考察不同群體的環境觀念，又重視不同認知的整合統一，將自然環境與社會文化等多個層面有機地結合起來，將有利於推動環境史研究。

A comprehensive analysis of the turbidity and clarity of the Jing and Wei Rivers over a year undertaken during the Qing Dynasty showed the Jing was often clear while the Wei was turbid, and vice versa. Which was clear and which turbid at the point of convergence varied. However, Emperor Qianlong, impressed by a line in the Book of Songs saying "The Wei River muddies the Jing, " declared that the Jing River was clear and the Wei River turbid, and officials ordered to carry out on-spot investigations came to the same conclusion. This conviction, the investigation and an imperial poem were engraved on steles, with rubbings bestowed on princes and high officials as disciplinary guides, etc. This had a direct influence on following generations’ interpretation of the lines and identification of the two rivers’ clearness and turbidity. Taking this event as a case study, this paper attempts to review the ideas of different groups about the environment, with due regard to the integration and union of different perceptions, bringing together the natural environment and social culture at multiple levels in an organic way and thus facilitating the progress of research on the history of the environment.